A durable, water-resistant varnish for severe service on exterior exposure. It consists of one or more drying oils (linseed, tung, or dehydrated castor oil), one or more resins (rosin, ester gum, phenolic resin, or modified phenolic resin), one or more volatile thinners (turpentine or petroleum spirits), and driers (linoleates, resinates, or naphthenates of lead, manganese, and cobalt). It is classed as a long-oil varnish and generally consists of 45–50 gals of oil for each 100 lb of resin.See Varnish.