(1907–1997). A British chemist who won the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1957. His diverse research and accomplishments involved phosphorylation and mechanisms of biological reactions concerning phosphates. Many of his studies concerned the structure of nucleic acids, nucleotides, nucleotidic coenzymes, as well as vitamins B1, B12, and E. Work in biological organic chemistry indicated that hemp plant could be used for production of narcotics. Todd had degrees awarded from Oxford, Frankfurt, and Glasgow, among others.