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Heparin sodium is a sodium sulfate extracted from the intestinal mucosa of pigs or cattle. It is white or white like powder. It is odorless, tasteless, and has a moisture absorption property. Soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol, acetone and other organic solvents. Heparin injection is a sterile solution of heparin, is a colorless or yellow transparent liquid; chilblain ointment containing heparin sodium heparin white ointment. This product was originally found in the dog's liver, hence the name heparin. In nature, heparin is widely distributed in the liver, lung, heart, spleen, kidney, thymus, intestine, mucosa, muscle and blood of mammals, and combines with proteins to form a complex. The complex has no anticoagulant activity and increases activity with the removal of protein. Inactivated in vivo by heparin produced by the liver and excreted with urine. Heparin is a mucopolysaccharide containing sulfuric acid ester, the molecular structure is represented by a four sugar repeating unit component is glucosamine iduronic acid and glucuronic acid. Because heparin contains about 40% of the sulfate anion of molecular weight, it contains a lot of negative charges. This highly negative physical and chemical characteristics interfere with many aspects of the coagulation process. The antithrombotic effect of heparin is related to vascular wall interaction and other factors besides inhibition of the activity of various clotting factors. In addition, heparin also has lipid-lowering, anti atherosclerosis, anti-inflammatory, anti allergic effect, but also has to prevent thrombosis, cerebrovascular diseases, clearing up the formation of kidney disease and so on.