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between net charges, on the other hand, is stronger than the van der
Waals interaction. In addition, the unmatched sizes between the
positively and negatively charged species make the amorphous solid
more stable, as demonstrated by ionic liquids. Consequently, the
amorphous ground sample of [(E)-TPE-DPy-DMe]2+[PF6]22- exhibits
extraordinary stability.
In summary, we have shown that the modification of TPE
fluorogen with ionic groups allows the derived TPE-based salt to
hold the AIEE activity and to achieve effectively enhanced
mechanochromic robustness. With only weak van der Waals
interaction, the molecular solid of TPE-derivative exhibits highly
reversible mechanochromic behaviours under moderate thermal
annealing temperature and shorter solvent vapor fuming time.
Introducing ionic species into TPE-derivative, [TPE-Py-Me]+[PF6]-
exhibits reversible mechano-chromic behaviours under elevated
K. Chan, S. Chen, C. Deng, J. W. Y. Lam, C. K. W. Jim, Y. Hong, P.
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DOI: 10.1039/C5CC02138C
d
e
Sun, J. Liu, Z. Li, J. Sun, H. H. Y. Sung, I. D. Williams, H. S. Kwok
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c
1
(
a
b
annealing temperature and longer fuming time. Enhancement of the
c
2-
ionic strength, [TPE-DPy-DMe]2+[PF6]2
exhibits irreversible
d
mechanochromic behaviours under elevated annealing temperature
and longer fuming time. The emission features can only be reverted
from the mechanically treated (ground) sample to the original (as-
prepared) one by recrystallization treatment. The distinct behaviours
are reasonably ascribed to the static interaction between the cationic
and anionic species, which bestows the solid with excessive stability
in comparison with uncharged TPE-derivatives. The present work
gives a hint to rationally design organic photo/electronic materials
and to acquire the ingenious balance between the robustness of ionic
solids and the flexibility of covalent solids.
This work was financially supported by the key project of the
Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2013CB834704),
the National Science Foundation of China (51273175), the
Research Grants Council of Hong Kong (16301614,
N_HKUST604/14 and N_HKUST620/11) and the support from
5
(
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Notes and references
a MoE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis & Functionalization,
Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University,
Hangzhou 310027, China. Email: sunjz@zju.edu.cn.
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Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of
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Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) available: Synthesis and
characterization, materials, procedures of all experiments; additional
absorption/emission spectra; photographs of fluorescence emission; TGA
and DSC curves. See DOI: 10.1039/c000000x/
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4 | Chem. Commun., 2015, 00, 1-3
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