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Name |
Potassium nitrate |
EINECS | 231-818-8 |
CAS No. | 7757-79-1 | Density | 2.109 g/cm3 |
PSA | 68.88000 | LogP | 0.28410 |
Solubility | 320 g/L (20 °C) in water | Melting Point |
334 °C(lit.) |
Formula | KNO3 | Boiling Point | 83 °C at 760 mmHg |
Molecular Weight | 101.103 | Flash Point | 400°C |
Transport Information | UN 3264 8/PG 3 | Appearance | White solid |
Safety | 26-17-36-7-24/25 | Risk Codes | 8-36/38-36/37/38-22 |
Molecular Structure | Hazard Symbols | O, Xi, Xn | |
Synonyms |
Nitric acid, potassium salt;Nitric acid potassium salt;Potassium Nitrate ACS Crystals;Nitre;Salt peter;Sensodyne;Niter;Sensodyne (TN);Potassium nitrate (JAN/USP);Collo-Bo;Saltpeter;Potassium nitrate( Pharmaceutical grade);Potassium nitrate( Food grade); |
Article Data | 2 |
Molecular Structure:
Molecular Formula: KNO3
Molecular Weight: 101.1032
IUPAC Name: Potassium nitrate
Synonyms of Potassium nitrate (cas no.7757-79-1): Potassium nitrate [JAN] ; AI3-51245 ; CCRIS 3667 ; Caswell No. 697 ; Collo-Bo ; EINECS 231-818-8 ; EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 076103 ; HSDB 1227 ; Kalii nitras ; Kaliumnitrat ; Kaliumnitrat [German] ; NSC 57632 ; Niter ; Niter (VAN) ; Nitrate of potash ; Nitre ; Nitric acid, potassium salt ; Potassium nitrate(DOT) ; Salt peter (VAN) ; Saltpeter ; UNII-RU45X2JN0Z ; Vicknite ; Nitric acid potassium salt (1:1) ; Potassium nitrate [UN1486] [Oxidizer] ; UN1486
CAS NO: 7757-79-1
Classification Code: Drug / Therapeutic Agent ; Explosive Agents ; Mutation data ; Reproductive Effect
Melting point: 334 °C
H bond acceptors: 4
H bond donors: 1
Polar Surface Area: 66.05 Å2
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 37.72 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 83 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 49.8 mmHg at 25°C
The earliest known complete purification process for Potassium nitrate (cas no.7757-79-1) is described in 1270 by the Arab chemist and engineer Hasan al-Rammah of Syria in his book al-Furusiyya wa al-Manasib al-Harbiyya.
During the 19th century and until around World War I, It was produced on an industrial scale, first by the Birkeland–Eyde process in 1905, and then later from ammonia produced by the much more efficient Haber process.
The latter process came online during World War I, and supplied Germany with nitrates critical for the warfare that it otherwise had no access to because the deposits of natural nitrate in Chile were in British hands.
Today practically all nitrates are produced with ammonia from the Haber process.
Potassium nitrate (cas no.7757-79-1) is used as a fertilizer, in amateur rocket propellants, and in several fireworks such as smoke bombs. It is commonly used in manufactured cigarettes to maintain an even burn of the tobacco.As a fertilizer, it is used as a source of nitrogen and potassium, two of the macro nutrients for plants.It has also been used in the manufacture of ice cream and can be found in some toothpastes for sensitive teeth. Potassium nitrate(7757-79-1) is also commonly used in the heat treatment of metals as a solvent in the post-wash
Potassium nitrate (cas no.7757-79-1) is manufactured by two processes.
NaNO3 + KCl → KNO3 + NaCl
4KCl + 4HNO3 + O2 → 2KNO3 + Cl2 + H2O
Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
cat | LDLo | intravenous | 100mg/kg (100mg/kg) | "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1289, 1935. | |
rabbit | LD50 | oral | 1901mg/kg (1901mg/kg) | Southwestern Veterinarian. Vol. 27, Pg. 246, 1974. | |
rat | LD50 | oral | 3750mg/kg (3750mg/kg) | Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. Vol. 81, Pg. 469, 1983. |
Potassium nitrate (cas no.7757-79-1) is reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
Hazard Codes of Potassium nitrate (cas no.7757-79-1): O,Xi,Xn
Risk Statements: 8-36/37/38-22
R8: Contact with combustible material may cause fire.
R36/37/38: Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
R22: Harmful if swallowed.
Safety Statements: 26-17-36-7-24/25
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S17: Keep away from combustible material.
S36: Wear suitable protective clothing.
S7: Keep container tightly closed.
S24/25: Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
RIDADR: UN 3264 8/PG 3
WGK Germany: 1
RTECS: TT3700000
HazardClass: 5.1
PackingGroup: III
DOT Classification: 5.1; Label: Oxidizer
Handling and Storage
Handling: Avoid breathing dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid ingestion and inhalation.
Storage: Do not store near combustible materials. Store in a cool, dry place. Store in a tightly closed container.