10.1248/cpb.39.1990
The research aimed to develop new antichagasic drugs to treat Chagas disease, a condition for which existing treatments have limitations due to mutagenicity, side effects, and non-curative action. The study synthesized a series of ten 1-[(5-nitrothenylidene)amino]azoles by reacting 5-nitrothiophene-2-carbaldehyde with various aminoazoles, including 1-aminopyrazole, 1-aminoimidazole, 1-amino-1,2,4-triazole, and others. The physical, spectroscopic, and biological properties of these derivatives were examined, with a focus on their antiprotozoal activity against Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasite causing Chagas disease, in comparison to the standard drug Nifurtimox. The conclusion was that while all synthesized compounds showed in vitro trypanocidal activity similar to Nifurtimox, they were not able to completely eradicate the infection in in vivo assays or prevent the survival of trypanosomes in stored blood. The chemicals used in the process included 5-nitrothiophene-2-carbaldehyde, various N-aminoazoles, p-toluene sulfonic acid as a catalyst, and solvents such as toluene, chloroform, ethanol, and ethyl acetate for the synthesis and purification steps.