Multi-step reaction with 10 steps
1: 95 percent / tetrabutylammonium bromide, molecular sieves 4 Angstroem, copper(II) bromide / CH2Cl2; dimethylformamide / 24 h
2: 98 percent / NaOMe / methanol / 3 h
3: 1.) dibutyltin oxide, 2.) tetrabutylammonium iodide / 1) methanol, reflux, 18 h; 2) toluene, 45 deg C, 17 h
4: 89 percent / p-toluenesulfonic acid / acetonitrile / 1 h
5: 1.) NaH / 1) DMF, 1 h; 2) DMF, 18 h
6: 83 percent / Wilkinson catalyst / ethanol; H2O / 3 h / Heating
7: 95 percent / Ph3P, Et3N, 1,2-dibromo-tetrachloroethane / CH2Cl2 / 2 h
8: 92 percent / potassium carbonate, dibenzo-18-crown-6 / 5 h / 95 °C
9: H2 / palladium on carbon / methanol; dioxane; acetic acid / 24 h
10: 80 percent / aq. NaOH / 2 h
With
sodium hydroxide; Wilkinson's catalyst; dibenzo-18-crown-6; 1,2-dibromo-1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane; 4 A molecular sieve; tetrabutylammomium bromide; hydrogen; sodium methylate; tetra-(n-butyl)ammonium iodide; sodium hydride; di(n-butyl)tin oxide; potassium carbonate; toluene-4-sulfonic acid; triethylamine; triphenylphosphine; copper(ll) bromide;
palladium on activated charcoal;
In
1,4-dioxane; methanol; ethanol; dichloromethane; water; acetic acid; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; acetonitrile;
DOI:10.1016/S0040-4020(96)01178-7