Multi-step reaction with 12 steps
1.1: N-Bromosuccinimide; 2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitrile) / dichloromethane / 72 h / 17 - 41 °C / Inert atmosphere; Large scale
2.1: sodium carbonate / water; ethyl acetate / 4 h / 40 - 90 °C
3.1: polyphosphoric acid / tetrahydrofuran / 20 h / -10 - 75 °C / Inert atmosphere
4.1: 1,4-dioxane / 3 h / 80 °C
5.1: trifluoroacetic acid / n-heptane; isopropyl alcohol / Resolution of racemate
6.1: hydrogenchloride / water; ethyl acetate
7.1: ammonium hydroxide; 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole / tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / 10 - 20 °C
8.1: trichlorophosphate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 0.25 h / 0 - 10 °C
9.1: 2,6-dimethylpyridine / dichloromethane / 0.55 h / 2 - 20 °C
9.2: 2.5 h / 2 - 7 °C
10.1: 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine; trans-di(μ-acetato)bis[o-(di-o-tolylphosphino)benzyl]dipalladium(II); Tetraethylene glycol; tri tert-butylphosphoniumtetrafluoroborate / 1 h / 150 °C / Autoclave; Inert atmosphere
11.1: trifluoroacetic acid / dichloromethane / 2 h / -10 °C
11.2: 1.75 h / -5 °C
12.1: carbon tetrabromide; triphenylphosphine / dichloromethane / 3.17 h / 20 °C
With
1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine; 2,6-dimethylpyridine; hydrogenchloride; ammonium hydroxide; N-Bromosuccinimide; trans-di(μ-acetato)bis[o-(di-o-tolylphosphino)benzyl]dipalladium(II); Tetraethylene glycol; 2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitrile); carbon tetrabromide; sodium carbonate; triphenylphosphine; 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole; trifluoroacetic acid; tri tert-butylphosphoniumtetrafluoroborate; trichlorophosphate;
In
tetrahydrofuran; 1,4-dioxane; n-heptane; dichloromethane; water; ethyl acetate; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; isopropyl alcohol;