Multi-step reaction with 8 steps
1.1: sodium hydroxide / water / 10 - 20 °C / Industry scale
1.2: 1 h / 5 - 20 °C
2.1: iodine / dichloromethane / 10 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere; Industry scale
2.2: 20 °C / Industry scale
3.1: hydrogenchloride; tin(II) chloride dihdyrate; water / acetic acid / 18 h / 100 °C / Industry scale
3.2: 1 h / 20 °C / Industry scale
4.1: sodium hydroxide / water / Industry scale
4.2: pH 2 - 3 / Industry scale
4.3: 16 h / Reflux
5.1: N,N-dimethylglycine hydrochoride; caesium carbonate; copper(l) chloride / 1,4-dioxane / 20 h / 95 - 97 °C / Inert atmosphere
6.1: hydrogenchloride / ethyl acetate / 16 h / 20 °C
7.1: oxalyl dichloride; N,N-dimethyl-formamide / dichloromethane / 0.5 h / 20 °C
7.2: 1 h / 20 °C
8.1: water; lithium hydroxide / tetrahydrofuran / 72 h / 20 °C
With
hydrogenchloride; oxalyl dichloride; tin(II) chloride dihdyrate; water; iodine; N,N-dimethylglycine hydrochoride; caesium carbonate; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; copper(l) chloride; sodium hydroxide; lithium hydroxide;
In
tetrahydrofuran; 1,4-dioxane; dichloromethane; water; acetic acid; ethyl acetate;