Multi-step reaction with 8 steps
1: potassium carbonate / dimethyl sulfoxide / 16 h / 80 - 110 °C / Large scale
2: tin(II) chloride dihdyrate; hydrogenchloride / water; ethanol / 5 h / Reflux; Large scale
3: 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichloro-p-benzoquinone / 1,4-dioxane / 3 h / 45 °C / Large scale
4: trichlorophosphate / 2 h / 100 °C / Large scale
5: 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione; dibenzoyl peroxide / tetrachloromethane / 2 h / Reflux; Large scale
6: N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 3 h
7: CHIRALPAK? AS 20 μM, 11 cm id×25 cm L / hexane; isopropyl alcohol / 25 °C / Resolution of racemate
8: potassium carbonate; dichloro(1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ferrocene)palladium(II)*CH2Cl2 / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 4 h / 100 °C / Inert atmosphere
With
hydrogenchloride; dichloro(1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ferrocene)palladium(II)*CH2Cl2; 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione; tin(II) chloride dihdyrate; potassium carbonate; 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichloro-p-benzoquinone; trichlorophosphate; dibenzoyl peroxide;
In
1,4-dioxane; tetrachloromethane; ethanol; hexane; water; dimethyl sulfoxide; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; isopropyl alcohol;