Multi-step reaction with 23 steps
1.1: imidazole / dimethylformamide
2.1: DIBAL / CH2Cl2; hexane / 1 h / -78 °C
3.1: 139.35 g / diethyl-D-tartrate; molecular sieves 4 Angstroem; t-butylhydroperoxide / titanium(IV) tetraisopropoxide / CH2Cl2 / 27 h / -30 °C
4.1: oxalyl chloride; DMSO; Et3N / CH2Cl2 / 1 h / -78 °C
5.1: 30 g / sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide / tetrahydrofuran / 0.33 h / 0 °C
6.1: TBAF / tetrahydrofuran / 0.5 h / 20 °C
7.1: 15.8 g / PPTS / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / 0 °C
8.1: 98 percent / imidazole / dimethylformamide / 1.5 h / 20 °C
9.1: 9-BBN dimer / tetrahydrofuran / 38 h / 20 °C
9.2: 83 percent / 10 percent NaOH; 30 percent H2O2 / 30 h / 20 °C
10.1: DMSO; Et3N; SO3*pyridine / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / 20 °C
11.1: t-BuOK / tetrahydrofuran / 1.5 h / 20 °C
12.1: 9-BBN dimer / tetrahydrofuran / 96 h / 20 °C
12.2: 77 percent / 10 percent NaOH; 30 percent H2O2 / 30 h / 20 °C
13.1: 92 percent / n-Bu3P; pyridine / 24 h
14.1: N-chlorosuccinimide / CCl4 / 0.33 h / 20 °C
15.1: 86 percent / 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylpyridine; AgOTf; molecular sieves 4 Angstroem / CH2Cl2 / -75 - -30 °C
16.1: TBAF / tetrahydrofuran / 12 h / 20 °C
17.1: 395.4 mg / 4-methylmorpholine / CH2Cl2 / 1.5 h
18.1: n-Bu3SnH; AIBN / toluene / 9 h / 80 °C
18.2: DIBAL / CH2Cl2; toluene / 0.5 h / -78 °C
18.3: NaBH4 / methanol / 1 h
19.1: DMSO; Et3N; SO3*pyridine / CH2Cl2 / 2 h
20.1: 61.7 mg / sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide / tetrahydrofuran / 0.17 h / 0 °C
21.1: PPTS / methanol / 1 h / 20 °C
21.2: 89 percent / PPTS / CH2Cl2; methanol / 1.5 h / 20 °C
22.1: 89 percent / molecular sieves 4 Angstroem / pyridine / 72 h
23.1: 93 percent / dimethylsulfoxide / 18 h / 50 °C
With
4-methyl-morpholine; pyridine; 1H-imidazole; tert.-butylhydroperoxide; N-chloro-succinimide; 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylpyridine; oxalyl dichloride; pyridine-SO3 complex; 2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitrile); diethyl (2S,3S)-tartrate; tributylphosphine; 4 A molecular sieve; potassium tert-butylate; tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride; tri-n-butyl-tin hydride; silver trifluoromethanesulfonate; sodium hexamethyldisilazane; pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate; diisobutylaluminium hydride; dimethyl sulfoxide; triethylamine; dimeric 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane;
titanium(IV) isopropylate;
In
tetrahydrofuran; pyridine; methanol; tetrachloromethane; hexane; dichloromethane; dimethyl sulfoxide; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; toluene;
3.1: Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation / 4.1: Swern oxidation / 5.1: Wittig reaction / 11.1: Wittig reaction / 20.1: Wittig reaction;
DOI:10.1016/S0040-4020(03)00913-X