Multi-step reaction with 12 steps
1.1: sodium hydroxide / water / 10 - 20 °C / Industry scale
1.2: 1 h / 5 - 20 °C
2.1: iodine / dichloromethane / 10 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere; Industry scale
2.2: 20 °C / Industry scale
3.1: hydrogenchloride; tin(II) chloride dihdyrate; water / acetic acid / 18 h / 100 °C / Industry scale
3.2: 1 h / 20 °C / Industry scale
4.1: sodium hydroxide / water / Industry scale
4.2: pH 2 - 3 / Industry scale
4.3: 16 h / Reflux
5.1: N,N-dimethylglycine hydrochoride; caesium carbonate; copper(l) chloride / 1,4-dioxane / 20 h / 95 - 97 °C / Inert atmosphere
6.1: hydrogenchloride / ethyl acetate / 16 h / 20 °C
7.1: diisobutylamine; sulfuryl dichloride / toluene / 1 h / 70 °C
8.1: potassium carbonate / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 4 h / 80 °C / Inert atmosphere
8.2: pH 2
9.1: ammonium chloride; zinc / tetrahydrofuran; water / 1 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
10.1: nitrous acid isobutyl ester / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 1.75 h / 70 °C
11.1: trifluoroacetic acid / dichloromethane / 2 h / 20 °C
12.1: oxalyl dichloride; N,N-dimethyl-formamide / dichloromethane / 0.5 h / 20 °C
12.2: 20 °C / Cooling
With
hydrogenchloride; diisobutylamine; sulfuryl dichloride; oxalyl dichloride; tin(II) chloride dihdyrate; nitrous acid isobutyl ester; water; iodine; N,N-dimethylglycine hydrochoride; potassium carbonate; ammonium chloride; caesium carbonate; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; trifluoroacetic acid; copper(l) chloride; sodium hydroxide; zinc;
In
tetrahydrofuran; 1,4-dioxane; 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one; dichloromethane; water; acetic acid; ethyl acetate; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; toluene;