PARATHYROID HORMONE

Base Information

• Chemical Name: PARATHYROID HORMONE
• CAS No.: 12584-96-2
• Molecular Formula: C416H677 N125 O126 S2
• Molecular Weight: 9509.72
• Mol file: 12584-96-2.mol

Synonyms:Parathormone(ox); Parathyroid hormone I (8CI); Bovine parathormone; Bovine parathyroidhormone; Bovine parathyroid hormone (1-84); Parathyroid hormone (bovine)

Chemical Property of PARATHYROID HORMONE

Chemical Property:

• Storage Temp.: −20°C

Purity/Quality:

97% ^*data from raw suppliers

Parathyroid Hormone ^*data from reagent suppliers

Safty Information:

• Pictogram(s):  
• Hazard Codes: 

MSDS Files:

Total 1 MSDS from other Authors

Useful:

• Description: First hormone isolated from the parathyroid gland to have hypercalcemic action. PTH is a drug target for hypoparathyroidism and osteoporosis. The presence of PTH in the parathyroid gland was reported in 1925. It was isolated in 1970 from bovine parathyroid glands. It was believed that PTH was absent in fish because the parathyroid gland is thought to appear when ancestral amphibians evolved. However, PTH was first identified from the fugu genome database in 2003, and thereafter the existence of PTH has been established in fish.
• Physical properties: Mammalian PTHs: Mr. 9500. It is soluble in water and stable in a solution at pH 4.5. PTH in the collected blood is relatively unstable and hydrolyzes easily during storage. It is recommended that blood samples for PTH measurement should be taken using tubes containing EDTA and plasma should be separated within 24 h.
• Uses: Treatment of osteoporosis, as an antiosteoporotic, in the treatment of bone and mineral disease and disorders, bone metabolism regulator, blood calcium regulator, and as a diagnostic aid (pseudohypoparathyroidism; hypocalcemia).
• Indications: PTH is secreted from the parathyroid glands in response to a low plasma concentration of ionized (free) calcium. PTH immediately causes the transfer of labile calcium stores from bone into the bloodstream. PTH increases rates of dietary calcium absorption by the intestine indirectly via the vitamin D3 system activation of enterocyte activity.Within the kidney, PTH directly stimulates calcium reabsorption and a phosphate diuresis.
• Biological Functions: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is biosynthesized as a 115-amino-acid preprohormone in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of the parathyroid gland and is cleaved to the prohormone (84 amino acids) in the cisternal space of the reticulum. The active hormone is finally produced (34 amino acids; molecular weight, 9,500 dalton) in the Golgi complex and is stored in secretory granules in the parathyroid gland. This gland is exquisitely sensitive to serum calcium concentrations and is able to monitor these levels via calcium-sensing receptors (CaSR). These cell surface receptors help cells to react to micromolar changes in the concentration of ionized calcium in the serum. Binding of calcium to these receptors facilitates activation of phospholipase C and, ultimately, inhibition of PTH secretion. The relatively short-acting PTH is secreted from the parathyroid gland chief cells in response to a hypocalcemic state and serves to oppose the hormonal effects of calcitonin.
• Clinical Use: Treatment of chronic hypoparathyroidism diagnose a variety of calcium metabolic disorders, such as hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, hypercalcaemia of malignancy, and chronic renal failure. The skeletal actions of PTH are dependent on the pattern of its administration.12 Intermittent exposure to PTH leads to a net increase in bone formation, whereas its continuous administration produces bone loss. Thus, the bone anabolic capability of PTH strictly depends upon its administration producing a transient peak level in plasma. PTH is used for osteoporosis therapy because of its ability to increase osteoblastogenesis and osteoblast survival. Furthermore, PTH is involved in the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes because mutations in the PTH1R have been identified in Jansen-type metaphyseal chondrodysplasia and Blomstrand-type lethal chondrodysplasia.
• Drug interactions: Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs Bisphosphonates: reduction of calcium-sparing effect with alendronate - avoid.