Molecular Formula: C₉H₁₃N₃O₃  
Molecular Weight: 211.22 g/mol
The structure of Zalcitabine (7481-89-2): 
           
Synonyms: Dideoxycytidine ; 2',3'-Dideoxycytidine ; DDC
CAS Registry Number: 7481-89-2
Water solubility: 5-10 g/100 mL at 19 °C
Refractive index: 78 ° (C=0.5, H2O)
Melting point: 210-214 °C
Storage temp: 2-8 °C
Index of Refraction: 1.686
Surface Tension: 67.6 dyne/cm
Density: 1.57 g/cm³
Flash Point: 204.8 °C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 77.17 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 415 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure of Zalcitabine (7481-89-2): 1.27E-08 mmHg at 25 °C
 

 Zalcitabine (7481-89-2) was first synthetized in the sixties by Jerome Horwitz and subsequently developed as an anti-HIV agent by Samuel Broder, Hiroaki Mitsuya, and Robert Yarchoan at the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Like didanosine, Zalcitabine (7481-89-2) was then licensed because the NCI may not market or sell drugs. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) thus licensed it to Hoffman LaRoche.
 Zalcitabine was the third antiretroviral to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of HIV infection and AIDS. It was approved on Jun 19, 1992 as a monotherapy and again in 1996 for use in combination with Zidovudine (AZT). Using combinations of NRTIs was in practice prior to the second FDA approval and the triple drug combinations with dual NRTIs and a protease inhibitor (PI) were not far off by this time.

 Zalcitabine (7481-89-2) appears less potent than some other nucleoside RTIs, has an inconvenient three-times daily frequency and is associated with serious adverse events. For these reasons Zalcitabine (7481-89-2) is now rarely used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and even removed from pharmacies entirely in some countries.

An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported.

The Hazard Codes of  Zalcitabine (7481-89-2): Xn  
The Risk Statements information of Zalcitabine (7481-89-2): 63
R63:Possible risk of harm to the unborn child.
The Safety Statements information of Zalcitabine (7481-89-2): 22-36/37
S22:Do not inhale dust;
S36/37:Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.
 

 Zalcitabine's  first aid measures and others should be known. Such as: When on the skin: Immediately flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop.Secondly, get medical aid. Or in the eyes: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. Then get medical aid soon. While, it's inhaled: Immediately leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used. Then you have the ingesting of the product : If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and immediatelty call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician.