125-28-0

Chemical Name: Dihydrocodeine trifluoroacetate
CAS No.: 125-28-0
EINECS: 204-732-3
Molecular Formula: C₂₀H₂₄F₃NO₄
Molecular Weight: 399.4 g/mol
Density: 1.31 g/cm³ 
Flash Point: 233.2 °C
Boiling Point: 462 °C at 760 mmHg
Following is the structure of Dihydrocodeine (125-28-0):

The chemical synonymous of Dihydrocodeine (125-28-0) are 4,5-alpha-Epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methyl-morphinan-6-alpha-o ; 4,5alpha-Epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methylmorphinan-6alpha-ol ; 6-alpha-Hydrocodol ; 6alpha-Hydrocodol ; 6-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-N-methyl-4,5-epoxymorphinan ; 7,8-Dihydro-codein ; 7,8-Dihydrocodeine ; 8,14-Dihydroneopine

Poison by ingestion, intravenous, and subcutaneous routes. Human systemic effects by ingestion and subcutaneous routes: somnolence, miosis (pupillary constriction), and respiratory depression. An analgesic. Can cause drug dependency with repeated doses. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NO_x. See also CODEINE.

In Hong Kong,  Dihydrocodeine (125-28-0) is regulated under Schedule 1 of Hong Kong's Chapter 134 Dangerous Drugs Ordinance. It can only be used legally by health professionals and for university research purposes. The substance can be given by pharmacists under a prescription. Anyone who supplies the substance without a prescription can be fined $10000 (HKD). The penalty for trafficking or manufacturing the substance is a $5,000,000 (HKD) fine and life imprisonment. Possession of the substance for consumption without license from the Department of Health is illegal with a $1,000,000 (HKD) fine and/or 7 years of jail time.In the United Kingdom  Dihydrocodeine (125-28-0) is a Class B drug ;  however, it is available over-the-counter in small amounts (less than 8 mg), when combined with paracetamol (see co-dydramol). Illegal possession of dihydrocodeine can result in up to 5 years in prison and/or an unlimited fine.In the USA, it is a DEA Schedule II substance, although preparations containing small amounts of dihydrocodeine are classified as Schedule III or Schedule V, depending on the concentration of dihydrocodeine relative to other active constituents, such as paracetamol (acetaminophen). This scheduling is similar to codeine's. The DEA's Drug Code for dihydrocodeine free base and all salts is 9120.In Australia it is available over the counter in the form of the cough syrup Rikodeine, containing 19 mg per 10ml in 100ml and 200ml bottles.International treaties and the controlled-substances laws of most countries, such as the German Bet?ubungsmittelgesetz, regulate dihydrocodeine at the same level as codeine. Dihydrocodeine-based pharmaceuticals are especially used where chronic pain patients are able to have essentially OTC access to them provided they are registered with the provincial or national government as such a patient.

The gut itself contains its own opioid receptors, which also allows opioids which do not enter the CNS at all or in appreciable quantities following oral administration such as the pethidine-related drugs loperamide,  Dihydrocodeine (125-28-0), and difenoxin to work in the same fashion in a significant percentage of the population. These drugs also have direct anticholinergic effects which contribute to their action[citation needed]. The loperamide-like drugs, however, can exacerbate cyclical IBS and have little or no effect on the cramps associated with all major forms of IBS and exacerbate the constipation-predominant manifestation of this condition. As a result, the most effective opioids for this spectrum of GI complaints would be whole-opium preparations such as paregoric, laudanum, Dover's Powder, granulated opium, opium in pill form etc, with codeine and dihydrocodeine working very well also, especially on diarrhoeal and cyclical IBS. Whole opium contains not only morphine and codeine and other narcotic alkaloids but also the alkaloid papaverine, a smooth-muscle relaxant, and other alkaloids, oils, resins and waxes which can help with cramping and other symptoms[citation needed]. Preparations containing both paregoric and extract of belladonna were once available that were probably the strongest and most efficaceous of GI drugs.Due to dihydrocodeine providing a relaxing and euphoric high when taken in higher than therapeutic doses it is quite commonly used recreationally. As mentioned above, dihydrocodeine and its related drugs dihydromorphine and hydrocodone have a tendency to create subjective effects similar to those reported with heroin such as enhanced empathy, euphoria, talkativeness and ability to suspend or dissolve hang-ups and excessive defence mechanisms. The typical recreational dose can be anything from 70 mg to 500 mg. Potentiators and adjuvants are commonly used when dihydrocodeine is used in an unsupervised fashion, especially carisoprodol, hydroxyzine, and first-generation antihistamines both to intensify the effect and lessen side effects such as itching.