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| CAS No.: | 1317-36-8 |
|---|---|
| Name: | Lead monoxide |
| Article Data: | 5 |
| Molecular Structure: | |
|
|
|
| Formula: | PbO |
| Molecular Weight: | 225.215 |
| Synonyms: | C.I. 77577;C.I. Pigment Yellow 46;Lead monooxide;Lead oxide; |
| EINECS: | 215-267-0 |
| Density: | 9.53 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point: | 886 ºC |
| Boiling Point: | 1470 ºC |
| Solubility: | Soluble in concentrated alkali, hydrochloric acid, and ammonium chloride. Insoluble in water, dilute alkali and alcohol. |
| Appearance: | yellow powder |
| Hazard Symbols: |
 T, N
|
| Risk Codes: | 61-20/22-33-50/53-62 |
| Safety: | 53-45-60-61 |
| Transport Information: | UN 2291 6.1/PG 3 |
| PSA: | 17.07000 |
| LogP: | -0.49960 |
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| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| In gaseous matrix mixt. of Pb vapor (generated in furnace chamber, 760-890°C) and Ar carrier gas in flow tube reactor, mixed in reaction area with oxidizer to produce flame (175-190°C); chemiluminescence observed during reaction analyzed; | |
| In neat (no solvent, gas phase) reaction of vaporized lead in Ar carrier gas (0.8-1.5 Torr) with O2(1Δg) from microwave discharge; high resolution FT emission spectroscopy; | |
| In neat (no solvent, gas phase) flow tube reactor; excited O2 was generated by microwave discharge; detn. by luminescence spectroscopy; |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| In neat (no solvent) PbO vapor with N2 is quenched (15 K, by choice annealing at 30 K); monitored by IR, Raman; |
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Chemistry
Molecule structure of Lead(II) oxide (CAS NO.1317-36-8):
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Molecular Weight: 223.1994 g/mol
Molecular Formula: OPb
IUPAC Name: Oxolead
Density: 9.53 g/cm3
Melting Point: 886 °C(lit.)
Boiling Point: 1470 °C
Vapor Pressure: 10 mm Hg ( 0 °C)
Refractive Index: 2.67
H-Bond Acceptor: 1
Exact Mass: 223.971551
MonoIsotopic Mass: 223.971551
Topological Polar Surface Area: 17.1
Heavy Atom Count: 2
Canonical SMILES: O=[Pb]
InChI: InChI=1S/O.Pb
InChIKey: YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
EINECS: 215-267-0
Product Categories: Inorganic Chemicals; Inorganics; ACS GradeChemical Synthesis; Essential Chemicals; Routine Reagents; Lead; Metal and Ceramic Science; Oxides; Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry; Chemical Synthesis; LeadMetal and Ceramic Science; I-N, Puriss p.a.Metal and Ceramic Science; Analytical Reagents for General Use; Puriss p.a.
Uses
Lead(II) oxide (CAS NO.1317-36-8) is used extensively in manufacturing of lead glasses and ceramic glazes as well as in fine dinnerware. It is also used in cathode ray tube glass to block X-ray emission, but mainly in the neck and funnel because it can cause discoloration when used in the faceplate.
Production
PbO is prepared by heating lead metal in air at 600 C. Alternatively, it is obtained by the thermal decomposition of Lead(II) oxide (CAS NO.1317-36-8) or lead carbonate:
2Pb(NO3)2 → 2PbO + 4NO2 + O2
PbCO3 → PbO + CO2
The structure of the solid, determined by X-ray crystallography, reveals a pyramidal four-coordinate Pb center. The pyramidal nature indicates the presence of a stereochemically active lone pair of electrons.
Toxicity Data With Reference
| Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dog | LDLo | oral | 1400mg/kg (1400mg/kg) | "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1289, 1935. | |
| rat | LDLo | intraperitoneal | 430mg/kg (430mg/kg) | BLOOD: OTHER CHANGES | Industrial Medicine. Vol. 10, Pg. 15, 1941. |
Consensus Reports
IARC Cancer Review: Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 23 , 1980,p. 325.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) . Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory. EPA Genetic Toxicology Program. Lead and its compounds are on the Community Right-To-Know List.
Safety Profile
Hazard Codes of Lead(II) oxide (CAS NO.1317-36-8): 
T, 
N
Risk Statements: 61-20/22-33-50/53-62
R61: May cause harm to the unborn child.
R20/22: Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed.
R33: Danger of cumulative effects.
R50/53: Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
R62: Risk of impaired fertility.
Safety Statements: 53-45-60-61
S53: Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.
S45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.)
S60: This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste.
S61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets.
RIDADR: UN 2291 6.1/PG 3
WGK Germany: 3
RTECS: OG1750000
TSCA: Yes
HazardClass: 6.1(b)
PackingGroup: III
Hazardous Substances Data: 1317-36-8(Hazardous Substances Data)
Moderately toxic by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Mutation data reported. A skin irritant. Questionable carcinogen. Avoid breathing dust. Wash thoroughly after contact with the material and before eating or smoking. Explosive reaction with rubidium acetylide at 200°C, zirconium + heat, silicon + aluminum + heat, chlorine + ethylene (at 100°C), perchloric acid + glycerin. Violent or explosive thermite reaction when heated with aluminum powder. Violent or explosive reaction with chlorinated rubber (above 200°C), fluoroelastomers (at 200°C), peroxyformic acid. Violent reaction or ignition with hydrogen trisulfide. May ignite spontaneously with linseed oil, dichloromethylsilane, fluorine + glycerin. Vigorous reaction with silicon + heat. Incandescent reaction with warm aluminum carbide, lithium acetylide, boron, seleninyl chloride. Incompatible with chlorine, perchloric acid, metal acetylides, metals, nonmetals. Mixtures of lead oxide with glycerin have been used as a jointing compound and may explode when exposed to powerful oxidizers. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Pb. Used in manufacturing of storage batteries, ceramic products, paints, and rubber. See also LEAD COMPOUNDS.
Standards and Recommendations
OSHA PEL: TWA 0.05 mg(Pb)/m3
ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.15 mg(Pb)/m3
NIOSH REL: (Inorganic Lead) TWA 0.10 mg(Pb)/m3
Analytical Methods
For occupational chemical analysis use NIOSH: Lead, 7082; Elements, 7300.
Specification
Lead(II) oxide (CAS NO.1317-36-8) is also named as Bleimonoxid ; Bleioxyd ; C.I. 77577 ; C.I. Pigment Yellow 46 ; CI 77577 ; CI Pigment Yellow 46 ; HSDB 638 ; Lead Oxide Yellow ; Lead monooxide ; Lead monoxide ; Lead oxide (PbO) ; Lead oxide (VAN) ; Lead protoxide ; Lead(2+) oxide ; Lead(II) oxide ; Litharge ; Litharge Pure ; Litharge Yellow L-28 ; Massicot ; Massicotite ; NSC 57634 ; Plumbi monoxidum ; Plumbous oxide ; Plumbum oxydatum ; Yellow Lead Ocher . It is light yellow-orange powder. It is stable and reacts violently with hydrogen peroxide, strong oxidizing agents, aluminium, zirconium, halogens, sulphur trioxide, boron, silicon, sodium, zinc. Lead oxide has weak oxidizing or reducing powers. Redox reactions can however still occur. The majority of compounds in this class are slightly soluble or insoluble in water. If soluble in water, then the solutions are usually neither strongly acidic nor strongly basic. These compounds are not water-reactive. Aluminum carbide is oxidized with incandescence on warming with lead oxide. Mixtures of lead oxide with aluminum powder(as with other metals: sodium, zirconium) give a violent explosions. Dust of Lead oxide may irritate eyes. Inhalation or ingestion of Lead oxide causes abdominal pain (lead colic), metallic taste in mouth, loss of weight, pain in muscles, and muscular weakness.