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| CAS No.: | 681-84-5 |
|---|---|
| Name: | Tetramethyl orthosilicate |
| Article Data: | 121 |
| Molecular Structure: | |
|
|
|
| Formula: | C4H12O4Si |
| Molecular Weight: | 152.222 |
| Synonyms: | Methylsilicate ((MeO)4Si) (6CI);Dynasil M;Methyl Silicate 28;Methyl Silicate 39;Methyl orthosilicate;Methyl silicate((CH3)4SiO4);Silane, tetramethoxy-;Siliconmethoxide (Si(OMe)4);Silicon tetramethoxide;Siluplex;Tetramethoxysilane;Tetramethyl silicate;Methyl silicate; |
| EINECS: | 211-656-4 |
| Density: | 0.977 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point: | -4 °C(lit.) |
| Boiling Point: | 121.207 °C at 760 mmHg |
| Flash Point: | 28.889 °C |
| Solubility: | hydrolysis in water |
| Appearance: | Colorless transparent liquid |
| Hazard Symbols: |
 T+
|
| Risk Codes: | 10-26-37/38-41 |
| Safety: | 16-26-36/37/39-45-28A |
| Transport Information: | UN 2606 6.1/PG 1 |
| PSA: | 36.92000 |
| LogP: | 0.00760 |
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| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With amorphous silicon In hexane at 20℃; Temperature; Solvent; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique; Cooling with ice; | 98% |
| With nickel(II) sulphate; tetrachlorosilane; trichlorosilane In tetrachloromethane at 55 - 60℃; for 3h; Large scale; | 96.8% |
| Stage #1: methanol With iodine; silicon tetrafluoride; aluminium at 37℃; for 2.5h; Stage #2: at 40℃; for 2.5h; Reflux; | 86% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| Stage #1: methanol; magnesium With iodine at 20℃; for 1.5h; Inert atmosphere; Reflux; Stage #2: silicon tetrafluoride Inert atmosphere; Stage #3: at 300℃; for 2h; Catalytic behavior; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Calcination; | A 98% B 85% |
| Stage #1: methanol; magnesium at 20℃; for 3h; Stage #2: silicon tetrafluoride at 20℃; for 0.5h; Temperature; |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With CH3OH; NH3 In methanol introduction of NH3 into CH3OH in absence of air; introduction of SiF4;; filtration; distn. of the filtrate;; | A n/a B 95% |
| With methanol; ammonia In methanol introduction of NH3 into CH3OH in absence of air; introduction of SiF4;; filtration; distn. of the filtrate;; | A n/a B 95% |
- 5625-96-7
(morpholinomethyl)hydrosilane
- 67-56-1
methanol
A
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4-methyl-morpholine
B
- 681-84-5
tetramethylorthosilicate
C
- 154206-90-3
α-morpholine methyltrimethoxysilane
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| In neat (no solvent) at 0 - 5℃; for 5h; Mechanism; Inert atmosphere; | A 5.5% B 5.5% C 90% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| SiCl4 and a small excess of methylnitrite in absence of moisture under cooling; slow heating at about 120°C;; | 80% |
- 10026-04-7, 53609-55-5
tetrachlorosilane
- 681-84-5
tetramethylorthosilicate
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With methanol In methanol fast addn. of SiCl4 to a small excess of CH3OH (ice bath);; fractional distn.;; | 80% |
| With CH3OH SiCl4 and CH3OH in presence of CH3COONa;; | 80% |
| With CH3OH In methanol fast addn. of SiCl4 to a small excess of CH3OH (ice bath);; fractional distn.;; | 80% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| Stage #1: methanol With Hexafluoropropene oxide at 20℃; Stage #2: triethanolamine In methanol for 1h; | A n/a B 71% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With copper(l) chloride; silicon at 250℃; under 159611 Torr; for 3h; Temperature; Pressure; Autoclave; | A 70% B n/a |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With methanol In neat (no solvent) heating of Si at 1050°C in H2-atm. for 2 h in presence of Cu-oxide, Cu-halide or Cu-nitrate; dropwise addn. of CH3OH at 300°C;; | 50% |
| With methanol; copper In neat (no solvent) heating of Cu and Si at 1050°C in H2-atm. for 2 h; dropwise addn. of CH3OH at 300°C;; | 50% |
| With CH3OH; copper In neat (no solvent) heating of Cu and Si at 1050°C in H2-atm. for 2 h; dropwise addn. of CH3OH at 300°C;; | 50% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With hydrogenchloride | 38% |
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Chemistry
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IUPAC Name: Tetramethyl silicate
Empirical Formula: C4H12O4Si
Molecular Weight: 152.2212
Canonical SMILES: CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC
InChI: InChI=1S/C4H12O4Si/c1-5-9(6-2,7-3)8-4/h1-4H3
InChIKey: LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
EINECS: 211-656-4
Product Categories: Silicate; Organics; Si (Classes of Silicon Compounds); Si-O Compounds; Tetraalkoxysilanes; Crosslinkers; Crosslinking Agents; Orthosilicate
Appearance: colourless liquid
Melting point: 4-5 °C
Solubility in water: organic solvents
storage temp.: Flammables area
Sensitive: Moisture Sensitive
Index of Refraction: 1.382
Molar Refractivity: 36.27 cm3
Molar Volume: 155.7 cm3
Surface Tension: 19.9 dyne/cm
Density: 0.977 g/cm3
Flash Point: 28.9 °C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 34.44 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 121.2 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure of Methyl silicate (CAS NO.681-84-5): 17.7 mmHg at 25 °C
Uses
In organic synthesis, Methyl silicate (CAS NO.681-84-5) has been used to convert ketones and aldehydes to the corresponding ketals and acetals, respectively.
Toxicity Data With Reference
| Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mammal (species unspecified) | LD50 | oral | 1gm/kg (1000mg/kg) | Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 39(4), Pg. 86, 1974. | |
| mouse | LCLo | inhalation | 1gm/m3/10M (1000mg/m3) | SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER: EYE MUSCULOSKELETAL: OTHER CHANGES | National Defense Research Committee, Office of Scientific Research and Development, Progress Report.Vol. NDCrc-132, Pg. MAY1942, |
| mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 250mg/kg (250mg/kg) | "Summary Tables of Biological Tests," National Research Council Chemical-Biological Coordination Center. Vol. 2, Pg. 56, 1950. | |
| rabbit | LD50 | skin | 17mL/kg (17mL/kg) | AMA Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine. Vol. 4, Pg. 119, 1951. | |
| rabbit | LDLo | intravenous | 100mg/kg (100mg/kg) | LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: ACUTE PULMONARY EDEMA KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: "CHANGES IN TUBULES (INCLUDING ACUTE RENAL FAILURE, ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS)" | "Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials," Sax, N.I., New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1980Vol. 3, Pg. 935, 1968. |
| rat | LCLo | inhalation | 250ppm/4H (250ppm) | AMA Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine. Vol. 4, Pg. 119, 1951. | |
| rat | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 100mg/kg (100mg/kg) | "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J., Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986Vol. -, Pg. 1222, 1986. | |
| rat | LDLo | oral | 700mg/kg (700mg/kg) | KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: "CHANGES IN TUBULES (INCLUDING ACUTE RENAL FAILURE, ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS)" | "Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials," Sax, N.I., New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1980Vol. 3, Pg. 935, 1968. |
Consensus Reports
Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
Safety Profile
Poison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by inhalation. Mildly toxic by skin contact. A severe eye irritant. This material can cause extensive necrosis (experimentally), keratoconus, and opaque cornea. It also causes severe human eye injuries, as well as necrosis of corneal cells, which progresses long after exposure has ceased. It is destructive and its effects resist treatment. Permanent blindness is possible from exposure to it. The kidney seems to be most subject to injury regardless of the mode of exposure. Pulmonary edema has also occurred. This material is more toxic than either ethyl silicate or silicic acid, although it has been thought that the injury caused is largely due to the action of the silicic acid. Flammable when exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. Potentially violent reaction with metal hexafluorides (e.g., rhenium, molybdenum, tungsten). When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Hazard Codes: 
T+
Risk Statements: 10-26-37/38-41
R10:Flammable.
R26:Very toxic by inhalation.
R37/38:Irritating to respiratory system and skin.
R41:Risk of serious damage to the eyes.
Safety Statements: 16-26-36/37/39-45-28A
S16:Keep away from sources of ignition.
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S36/37/39:Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
S28:After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of soap-suds.
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.)
RIDADR: UN 2606 6.1/PG 1
WGK Germany: 3
RTECS: VV9800000
F: 10-21
TSCA: Yes
HazardClass: 6.1
PackingGroup: I
Standards and Recommendations
OSHA PEL: TWA 1 ppm
ACGIH TLV: TWA 1 ppm
DOT Classification: 3; Label: Flammable Liquid, Poison
Specification
Methyl silicate (CAS NO.681-84-5), its Synonyms are Tetramethoxysilane ; Tetramethyl silicate ; Methyl Silicate 39 ; Methyl orthosilicate ; Silane, tetramethoxy- ; Silicic acid, methyl ester of ortho- ; Silicic acid, tetramethyl ester ; Tetra-methyl orthosilicate .