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| CAS No.: | 74-86-2 |
|---|---|
| Name: | Acetylene |
| Article Data: | 1178 |
| Molecular Structure: | |
|
|
|
| Formula: | C2H2 |
| Molecular Weight: | 26.0379 |
| Synonyms: | Acetylene(8CI);Vinylene (7CI);Ethine;Narcylen; |
| EINECS: | 200-816-9 |
| Density: | 0.568 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point: | -88°C |
| Boiling Point: | -28°C |
| Flash Point: | -18°C |
| Solubility: | 0.106 g/100 mL in water |
| Appearance: | colorless gas with a faint garlic-like odor |
| Hazard Symbols: |
 F+
|
| Risk Codes: | 5-6-12 |
| Safety: | 9-16-33 |
| Transport Information: | UN 1001 |
| PSA: | 0.00000 |
| LogP: | 0.24940 |
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- 74-86-2
acetylene
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| under 1 Torr; Product distribution; plasma desulfurization: 10-100 W; | 100% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With water Hydrolysis; | 100% |
| With water In water decompn.;; | |
| With hydrogen In neat (no solvent) byproducts: Ca; at 2275°C pressure of H2 1 atm;; |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| In neat (no solvent) hydrolysis in water vapor (11.0E2 Nm**2); | A 0.1% B 1.13% C 2.2% D 96.5% |
| In neat (no solvent) hydrolysis of the annealed sample in water vapor (11.0E2 Nm**2); | A 0.11% B 5.2% C 2.5% D 92.2% |
- 1165952-92-0
cyclohexa-1,4-diene
- 74-86-2
acetylene
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With hydrogen; silica gel; Pt/Al2O3 at 170℃; for 48h; examination of hydrogenation var. time and reag;; | 95% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| potassium hydroxide In water at 80 - 84℃; for 12 - 45h; Product distribution / selectivity; | A 93.8% B 95% |
| With [Mg0751Al0.249(OH)2](C(01)O3)25*0.71H2O at 149.84℃; under 3000.3 Torr; Kinetics; Reagent/catalyst; Inert atmosphere; |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| In neat (no solvent) hydrolysis in water vapor (11.0E2 Nm**2); | A 0.03% B 2.7% C 2.7% D 94.6% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| In neat (no solvent) hydrolysis in water vapor (11.0E2 Nm**2); | A 0.12% B 4.6% C 2.8% D 92.4% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| In neat (no solvent) hydrolysis in water vapor (11.0E2 Nm**-2); | A 0.9% B 1.8% C 5.21% D 92.1% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| In gas Quantum yield; Mechanism; Irradiation; | A n/a B 90% C n/a |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| potassium fluoride on basic alumina at 100℃; for 2h; Product distribution / selectivity; Neat (no solvent); | A 90% B n/a |
| With potassium hydroxide at 100℃; for 2h; Neat (no solvent); | A 89% B n/a |
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History
In 1836, Acetylene was discovered by Edmund Davy who identified it as a "new carburet of hydrogen".
In 1860, it was rediscovered by French chemist Marcellin Berthelot, who coined the name "acetylene". Berthelot was able to prepare this gas by passing vapours of organic compounds (methanol, ethanol, etc.) through a red-hot tube and collecting the effluent. He also found acetylene was formed by sparking electricity through mixed cyanogen and hydrogen gases. He was also able to form acetylene directly by combining pure hydrogen with carbon using electrical discharge of a carbon arc.
Consensus Reports
Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
Standards and Recommendations
OSHA PEL: CL 2500 ppm
ACGIH TLV: Simple asphyxiant
NIOSH REL: (Acetylene) 10H TWA no exposure >2500 ppm
DOT Classification: Forbidden; DOT Class 2.1; Label: Flammable Gas
Specification
The Acetylene, with the CAS registry number 74-86-2, is also known as Ethyne. It belongs to the product categories of Industrial/Fine Chemicals; Organics. Its EINECS registry number is 200-816-9. This chemical's molecular formula is C2H2 and molecular weight is 26.04. Its IUPAC name is called acetylene. What's more, this chemical's classification code is Human Data. It is a hydrocarbon and the simplest alkyne. It is unstable in pure form and thus is usually handled as a solution.
Physical properties of Acetylene: (1)ACD/LogP: 0.37; (2)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 0.37; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 0.37; (4)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1.13; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1.13; (6)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 37.87; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 37.87; (8)Index of Refraction: 1.315; (9)Molar Refractivity: 8.96 cm3; (10)Molar Volume: 45.7 cm3; (11)Surface Tension: 16 dyne/cm; (12)Density: 0.568 g/cm3; (13)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 21.12 kJ/mol; (14)Vapour Pressure: 69700 mmHg at 25°C.
Preparation of Acetylene: Today acetylene is mainly manufactured by the partial combustion of methane or appears as a side product in the ethylene stream from cracking of hydrocarbons. It was prepared by the hydrolysis of calcium carbide. calcium carbide production requires extremely high temperatures, ~2000 °C, necessitating the use of an electric arc furnace:
CaC2 + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + C2H2
Uses of Acetylene: this colorless gas is widely used as a fuel and a chemical building block. Walter Reppe discovered that in the presence of metal catalysts, acetylene can react to give a wide range of industrially significant chemicals. It can react with alcohols, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen chloride, or carboxylic acids to give vinyl compounds; with aldehydes to give ethynyl diols; with carbon monoxide to give acrylic acid, or acrylic esters, which can be used to produce acrylic glass; cyclicization to give benzene and cyclooctatetraene. 1,4-Butynediol is produced industrially in this way from formaldehyde and acetylene:
When you are using this chemical, please be cautious about it as the following:
This chemical is extremely flammable. It may explosive with or without contact with air. In addition, you should keep container in a well-ventilated place and away from sources of ignition - No smoking. When using it, please take precautionary measures against static discharges.
You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)Canonical SMILES: C#C
(2)InChI: InChI=1S/C2H2/c1-2/h1-2H
(3)InChIKey: HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
The toxicity data is as follows:
| Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| human | LCLo | inhalation | 50pph/5M (500000ppm) | Tabulae Biologicae. Vol. 3, Pg. 231, 1933. | |
| human | TCLo | inhalation | 20pph (200000ppm) | BEHAVIORAL: HEADACHE LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA | "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 67, 1969. |
| mammal (species unspecified) | LCLo | inhalation | 50pph/5M (500000ppm) | Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 138, Pg. 65, 1928. |