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CAS No.: | 7681-52-9 |
---|---|
Name: | Sodium hypochlorite |
Article Data: | 173 |
Molecular Structure: | |
Formula: | NaClO |
Molecular Weight: | 74.4422 |
Synonyms: | Hypochlorousacid, sodium salt (8CI,9CI);AD Gel;ActiPlus N 2818;AgClor 310;Antiformin;Aron Clean;B-K Liquid;Baso agri+;Belizna;Belkina;Carrel-Dakin solution;Chloros;Cloralex;Clorox;Comfor;Dakin's solution;Deosan;Dispatch;Dispatch(salt);Fox-Chlor;Hishikurin S;Hyclorite;Hypure;Hypure N;Javel water;Javelle water;Javex;Javex 5;Jomax Mold &;Mildew Stain Remover;Klorocin;Linely;Milton;Milton Sterilising Fluid;Modified Dakin's solution;Nades;Neo-cleaner;Neoseptal CL;Parozone;Purelox;Purin B;Sanrack P;Sodium chloride oxide (NaClO);Sodium hypochloride;Sodium hypochlorite;Sodiumhypochlorite (NaClO);Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl);Sodium oxychloride;Solutions, Dakin's;Sunnysol 150;Super White L;Tsurukuron;XY 12;Youxiaolin;Sodium Hypochlorite solution; |
EINECS: | 231-668-3 |
Density: | 1.25 g/mL at 20 °C |
Melting Point: | -16 °C |
Boiling Point: | 111°C |
Solubility: | decomposes in water |
Appearance: | colourless liquid with strong odour |
Hazard Symbols: | C,Xi |
Risk Codes: | 31-34-36/38-36/37/38 |
Safety: | 26-36/37/39-45-50A-28A-36 |
Transport Information: | UN 1791 8/PG 3 |
PSA: | 23.06000 |
LogP: | 0.57070 |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydroxide; sulfuric acid In water ice cooling; distn. with H2SO4; | A n/a B n/a C 9% |
With NaOH; H2SO4 In water ice cooling; distn. with H2SO4; | A n/a B n/a C 9% |
potassium chlorate
sodium chloride
A
sodium hypochlorite
B
oxygen
C
chlorate
Conditions | Yield |
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With Na2Cr2O7 In water Electrolysis; influencce of electrode material;; |
Conditions | Yield |
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In water Electrolysis; |
Conditions | Yield |
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In water Electrolysis; | |
In water Electrolysis; chlorate formation as side reaction;; |
Conditions | Yield |
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In water Electrolysis; | |
In water Electrolysis; Schuckert-process, monopolar arrangement, vessel of enamelled iron, cooled by water; carbon electrodes or carbon electrodes covered with Pt, electrodes used as stirrer;; | |
With CrO4(1-) In water byproducts: H, chromium chromate; Electrolysis; electrolysis without diaphragm, cathode reaction; additive alkalichromates, formation of chromium chromate, which act as diaphragm;; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With chlorine In not given Electrolysis; NaOH formed at cathode and chlorine formed at anode; gas proofed anode region, asbestos diaphragm; mixing of NaOH and chlorine in a special region;; | |
With chlorine In not given Electrolysis; NaOH formed at cathode and chlorine formed at anode; anode: coal plates or rods with coke pieces; passing catholyte into anode region;; | |
With chlorine In not given Electrolysis; NaOH formed at cathode and chlorine formed at anode; cell of ungazed tone plates filled with pieces of C; alternative connection to positive and negative pole;; |
Conditions | Yield |
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In neat (no solvent) 170kg NaOH, 63kg Cl2, 60°C, cyclindric rotating vessel, 1.5h;; product-mixture:24% NaClO, 25.5% NaCl, 43% NaOH;; | |
In neat (no solvent) 170kg NaOH, 63kg Cl2, 60°C, cyclindric rotating vessel, 1.5h, sintering of product to increase stability;; product-mixture:24% NaClO, 25.5% NaCl, 43% NaOH;; | |
In not given byproducts: H2O; react. is reversible;; | |
In neat (no solvent) reaction of finely atomized alkaline hydroxide soln. with Cl2;; mixture;; | |
In water |
Conditions | Yield |
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In sodium hydroxide Cl2 passed through carbonate-free soln. of NaOH at -5...0°C; | |
In water sparging chlorine into 0.3 M aq. soln. of NaOH; UV monitoring; | |
In water residual alkalinity: 1g/l; not isolated;; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With Na-phosphates In neat (no solvent) | |
With NaHSO4 or NaH2PO4 or NaO2CCO2H In water other solvents possible; addn. of the solvent to the mixture of the solid components just before use;; | |
With NaHSO4 or NaH2PO4 or NaO2CCO2H In water | |
With Na-phosphates In neat (no solvent) | |
With NaHSO4 or NaH2PO4 or NaO2CCO2H In water other solvents possible; addn. of the solvent to the mixture of the solid components just before use;; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water react. at ion exchange resin;; solns. with 1-3% active chlorine;; | |
In water react. at ion exchange resin;; solns. with 1-3% active chlorine;; |
The Sodium hypochlorite is an organic compound with the formula NaClO. The IUPAC name of this chemical is sodium hypochlorite. With the CAS registry number 7681-52-9, it is also named as Hypochlorous acid, sodium salt. The product's categories are Industrial/Fine Chemicals; Biocide; Hypochlorites; Hypochlorites Essential Chemicals; Oxidation; Reagent Grade; Routine Reagents; Synthetic Reagents. Besides, it is colourless liquid with strong odour, which should be stored in a cool and well-ventilated place.
Physical properties about Sodium hypochlorite are: (1)ACD/LogP: 0.71; (2)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 0.71; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 0.48; (4)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 2.03; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1.19; (6)#H bond acceptors: 1; (7)#H bond donors: 1; (8)Polar Surface Area: 20.23 Å2.
Preparation of Sodium hypochlorite: this is the only large scale industrial method of sodium hypochlorite production. In this process sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and sodium chloride (NaCl) are formed when chlorine is passed into cold and dilute sodium hydroxide solution. It is prepared industrially by electrolysis with minimal separation between the anode and the cathode. The solution must be kept below 40 °C (by cooling coils) to prevent the undesired formation of sodium chlorate.
Cl2 + 2 NaOH → NaCl + NaClO + H2O
Uses of Sodium hypochlorite: in household form, sodium hypochlorite is used for removal of stains from laundry. It is particularly effective on cotton fiber, which stains easily but bleaches well. Sodium hypochlorite has been used for the disinfection of drinking water. In batch treatment operations, sodium hypochlorite has been used to treat more concentrated cyanide wastes, such as silver cyanide plating solutions. Sodium hypochlorite is now used in endodontics during root canal treatments.
When you are using this chemical, please be cautious about it as the following:
It contacts with acids liberates toxic gas and can cause burns. After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. Besides, this chemical is irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. When you are using it, wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection. In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible).
You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)SMILES: [Na+].[O-]Cl
(2)InChI: InChI=1/ClO.Na/c1-2;/q-1;+1
(3)InChIKey: SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYAD
(4)Std. InChI: InChI=1S/ClO.Na/c1-2;/q-1;+1
(5)Std. InChIKey: SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
The toxicity data is as follows:
Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
man | TDLo | intravenous | 45mg/kg (45mg/kg) | LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING | Annals of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 21, Pg. 1394, 1992. |
mouse | LD50 | oral | 5800mg/kg (5800mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY) GASTROINTESTINAL: OTHER CHANGES | Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi. Food Hygiene Journal. Vol. 27, Pg. 553, 1986. |
women | TDLo | oral | 1gm/kg (1000mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) VASCULAR: BP LOWERING NOT CHARACTERIZED IN AUTONOMIC SECTION SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): CORROSIVE: AFTER TOPICAL EXPOSURE | Human Toxicology. Vol. 7, Pg. 37, 1988. |