7726-95-6

Molecular Structure:

Molecular Formula: Br₂
Molecular Weight: 159.808
IUPAC Name: Molecular bromine
Synonyms of Bromine (CAS NO.7726-95-6): Caswell No. 112 ; Dibromine ; EINECS 231-778-1 ; EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 008701 ; HSDB 514 ; UNII-SBV4XY874G ; Bromine ; Bromine or bromine solutions ; Bromine or bromine solutions [UN1744] [Corrosive] ; UN1744
CAS NO: 7726-95-6
Classification Code: Human Data ; 2007 CERCLA Priority List, Rank: 142 ; TWA (0.1 ppm); STEL (0.2 ppm) ; TWA 0.1 ppm (0.7 mg/m3) ; Threshold Planning Quantity (TPQ) = 500 lb
Melting Point: −7.2 °C
Index of Refraction: 1.55
Molar Refractivity: 17.51 cm³
Molar Volume: 54.8 cm³
Surface Tension: 38.1 dyne/cm
Density of Bromine (CAS NO.7726-95-6): 2.91 g/cm³ 
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 29.96 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 58.8 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 190 mmHg at 25°C

  Bromine (CAS NO.7726-95-6) was discovered independently by two chemists Antoine Balard and Carl Jacob L?wig in 1825 and 1826.
Balard found bromide salts in the ash of sea weed from the salt marshes of Montpellier in 1826.
It was not produced in large quantities until 1860.
In 1840 it was discovered that bromine(7726-95-6) had some advantages over the previously used iodine vapor to create the light sensitive silver halide layer used for daguerreotypy.
Potassium bromide and sodium bromide were used as anticonvulsants and sedatives in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, until they were gradually superseded by chloral hydrate and then the barbiturates.

The main applications for Bromine (CAS NO.7726-95-6) are in fire retardants and fine chemicals. POTASSIUM bromide and sodium bromide were used as anticonvulsants and sedatives in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, until they were gradually superseded by chloral hydrate and then the barbiturates. Like chlorine, is also used in maintenance of swimming pools, because It bonds easily with many elements and has a strong bleaching action. The Vapor is also used as the second step in sensitizing daguerreotype plates to be developed under MERCURY (Hg) vapor. It acts as an accelerator to the light sensitivity of the previously iodized plate.

 Bromine (CAS NO.7726-95-6) is produced from seawater, in which bromine occurs in concentrations of 60 to 70 ppm, and from natural brine, where the concentration of bromine may be as high as 1300 ppm. It can also be produced from waste liquors resulting from the extraction of potash salts from carnallite deposits.
  Bromine is isolated from sea water by air-blowing it out of chlorinated seawater．
               2NaBr + Cl₂ → 2NaCl + Br₂
  In ocean water, where the concentration of bromine is relatively dilute, air has proved to be the most economical blowing-out agent. However, in the treatment of relatively rich bromine sources such as brines, stwaming out the bromine vapor is more satisfactory．
  The steaming-out process involves preheating the brine to 90 °C in a heat exchanger and passing it down a chlorinator tower. After partial chlorination, the brine flows into a steaming-out tower, where steam is injected at the bottom and the remaining chlorine is introduced. The halogen-containing vapor is condensed and gravity separated. The top water-halogen layer is returned to the steaming-out tower, and the crude halogen (predominantly bromine) bottom layer is separated and purified. Crude bromine is purified by redistillation or by passmg the vapors over iron filings that remove any chlorine impurity.

Hazard Codes: T+C,N,T
Risk Statements: 26-35-50-40-22-46-45 
R26: Very toxic by inhalation. 
R35: Causes severe burns. 
R50: Very toxic to aquatic organisms. 
R40: Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect. 
R22: Harmful if swallowed. 
R46: May cause heritable genetic damage. 
R45: May cause cancer.
Safety Statements: 26-45-61-7/9-36/37/39-28-53 
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. 
S45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) 
S61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. 
S7: Keep container tightly closed. 
S9: Keep container in a well-ventilated place. 
S36/37/39: Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. 
S28: After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of soap-suds. 
S53: Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.
RIDADR: UN 1744 8/PG 1
WGK Germany: 2
RTECS: EF9100000
HazardClass: 8
PackingGroup: I
Hazardous Substances Data: 7726-95-6(Hazardous Substances Data)
Care needs to be taken when transporting bromine; it is commonly carried in steel tanks lined with lead, supported by strong metal frames.
When certain ionic compounds containing bromine are mixed with potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) and an acidic substance, they will form a pale brown cloud of bromine gas. This gas smells like bleach and is very irritating to the mucus membranes. Upon exposure, one should move to fresh air immediately. If symptoms arise, medical attention is needed.