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| CAS No.: | 7778-74-7 |
|---|---|
| Name: | Potassium perchlorate |
| Molecular Structure: | |
|
|
|
| Formula: | ClKO4 |
| Molecular Weight: | 138.55 |
| Synonyms: | Perchloricacid, potassium salt (8CI,9CI);Peroidin;Perchloricacid, potassium salt (1:1);Potassiumperchlorate (KClO4);Spectrex Fire Extinguishant Formulation A; |
| EINECS: | 231-912-9 |
| Density: | 2.52 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point: | 400 °C |
| Solubility: | 17 g/L (20 °C) in water |
| Appearance: | colourless crystals or white powder |
| Hazard Symbols: |
 O,  Xn
|
| Risk Codes: | 9-22 |
| Safety: | 13-22-27 |
| Transport Information: | UN 1489 5.1/PG 2 |
| PSA: | 74.27000 |
| LogP: | 0.21430 |
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Chemistry
Structure of Potassium perchlorate (CAS NO.7778-74-7):
IUPAC Name: potassium perchlorate
Empirical Formula: ClKO4
Molecular Weight: 138.5489
EINECS: 231-912-9
Melting Point: 400 °C (dec.)(lit.)
Density: 2.52
Water Solubility: 17 g/L (20 ºC)
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,7653
Stability: Stable. Strong oxidiser - contact with combustible materials may lead to fire or explosion. Incompatible with reducing agents, organic materials. Forms explosive mixtures with alcohols.
Physical Appearance: colourless crystals or white powder
Product Categories: Inorganics;O-P, Puriss p.a. ACS;Analytical Reagents for General Use;Puriss p.a. ACS;ACS GradeSynthetic Reagents;Essential Chemicals;Oxidation;Perchlorates;Routine Reagents;Synthetic Reagents;PerchloratesMetal and Ceramic Science;Potassium Salts;Salts
Synonyms of Potassium perchlorate (CAS NO.7778-74-7): Astrumal ; Irenal ; Irenat ; Perchloracap ; Perchloric acid, potassium salt ; Perchloric acid, potassium salt (1:1) ; Peroidin ; Potassium hyperchloride ; Spectrex Fire Extinguishant Formulation A
Uses
Potassium perchlorate (CAS NO.7778-74-7) is used in matches, pharmaceutical products, and pyrotechnic mixtures. Most mixtures of organic substances and chlorates are explosive, so use of any such mixtures should be limited to those expert in their use.
Production
Potassium perchlorate (CAS NO.7778-74-7) is made by converting sodium chlorate into sodium perchlorate in steel electrolytic cells that have platinum anodes and operate at a temperature of 65 °C. Filtered potassium chloride solution is added to the sodium perchlorate, precipitating potassium perchlorate crystals, which are centrifuged, washed, and dried. The mother liquor now contains sodium chloride, which can be used as a cell feed for sodium chlorate manufacture.
Potassium perchlorate (CAS NO.7778-74-7) may also be manufactured by electrolysis of potassium chloride solutions.
Consensus Reports
Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
Safety Profile
Hazard Codes: 
O,
Xn
Risk Statements: 9-22
R9:Explosive when mixed with combustible material.
R22:Harmful if swallowed.
Safety Statements: 13-22-27
S13:Keep away from food, drink and animal foodstuffs.
S22:Do not breathe dust.
S27:Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
RIDADR: UN 1489 5.1/PG 2
WGK Germany: 1
RTECS: SC9700000
HazardClass: 5.1
PackingGroup: II
An experimental teratogen. A powerful oxidizer. Severe irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Has been implicated in aplastic anemia. Absorption can cause methemoglobinemia and kidney injury.
It has been involved in many industrial explosions. Explodes on contact with aluminum + barium nitrate + potassium nitrate + water. Forms explosive mixtures with aluminum powder + titanium dioxide, ethylene glycol (240°C), cotton lint (245°C), furfural (270°C), lactose, metal powders (e.g., aluminum, iron, magnesium, molybdenum, nickel, tantalum, titanium), sulfur, titanium hydride. Reaction with ethanol + heat forms the explosive ethyl perchlorate. Violent reaction or ignition under the proper conditions with aluminum + aluminum fluoride, barium chromate + tungsten or titanium, boron + magnesium + silicone rubber, ferrocenium diamminetetrakis(thiocyanato-N) chromate(1−), potassium hexacyanocobaltate(3−), Al + Mg, charcoal, F2, Ni + Ti, reducing agents. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of K2O and Cl−. See also PERCHLORATES.
Standards and Recommendations
DOT Classification: 5.1; Label: Oxidizer