156908-81-5Relevant articles and documents
Ionic liquid silver salt complexes for propene/propane separation
Agel, Friederike,Pitsch, Fee,Krull, Florian Felix,Schulz, Peter,Wessling, Matthias,Melin, Thomas,Wasserscheid, Peter
, p. 725 - 731 (2011)
Properties of the room-temperature liquid complex salt [Ag(propene) x][Tf2N] have been studied to probe its suitability for acting as active separation layer in immobilised liquid membrane (ILM) concepts for propane/propene separation. The pressure/temperature range of complex formation has been determined and the thermal properties of Ag[Tf2N] and [Ag(propene)x][Tf2N] have been studied by DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) and TGA (thermogravimetric analysis) measurements. Pressure dependent measurements of solubility and diffusivity showed that the observed membrane selectivity is dominated by the solubility selectivity. The self-diffusion coefficient of propene is always smaller compared to propane as propene is temporarily bound to the silver ion in the [Ag(propene)x][Tf2N] ionic liquid.
Development of a Ag/Ag+ micro-reference electrode for electrochemical measurements in ionic liquids
Huber, Benedikt,Roling, Bernhard
, p. 6569 - 6572 (2011)
We report on a novel miniaturized Ag/Ag+ reference electrode (RE) design suitable for electrochemical measurements in room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). The electrode is based on capillaries with an outer diameter of 365 μm and contains a 10 mmol/l solution of a silver salt in a RTIL. The silver salt bears the same type of anion as the RTIL. While potential shifts of several hundred millivolts have been observed for common platinum or silver pseudo-reference electrodes, our Ag/Ag+ micro electrode provides a stable and reliable reference potential over a period of more than two weeks, if protected from light and stored in a nitrogen atmosphere. Due to the small dimensions of the RE, it can be placed close to the working electrode (WE) and it is well-suited for application in electrochemical micro cells as well as for potential-controlled in situ AFM, STM or electrochemical impedance measurements. The electrode characteristics were determined by voltammetric measurements on ferrocene and cobaltocenium hexafluorophosphate dissolved in a RTIL. The highest expected contamination of the sample with Ag+ ions was calculated and found to be below 4 ppm.
TASK SPECIFIC CHELATING IONIC LIQUIDS FOR REMOVAL OF METAL IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION VIA LIQUID/LIQUID EXTRACTION AND ELECTROCHEMISTRY
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Paragraph 0227; 0232; 0238, (2020/02/15)
Disclosed are methods of extracting metal ions using ionic liquids (ILs), IL complexes, and mixtures comprising an IL and a metal-chelating group. Also disclosed are IL complexes, and mixtures comprising an IL and a metal-chelating group.
Regioselective Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation Reaction of α -Cyanoacetates Catalyzed by a Heterobimetallic Platina-/Palladacycle
Weiss, Marcel,Holz, Julia,Peters, Ren
, p. 210 - 227 (2016/01/20)
Allylic substitution reactions provide a valuable tool for the functionalization of CH acidic pronucleophiles. Often, control over the stereocenter generated at the nucleophilic reactant is still a challenge. The majority of studies that address this issue employ metal complexes with a low metal oxidation state (e.g. Pd0) to form allyl complexes through oxidative addition. In this article we describe the use of heterobimetallic PtII/PdII complexes, which probably activate the olefinic substrates through an SN2′ pathway. The reaction of α-cyanoacetates delivers linear allylation products with exclusive regioselectivity and high E/Z-selectivity for the new C=C double bond. Although the enantioselectivities attained are moderate, they are significantly higher than with related mono-PdII or -PtII catalysts or the corresponding bis-PdII complex, which indicates cooperation of the different metals. Control experiments suggest simultaneous activation of both reaction partners.
Synergistic gold(I)/trimethylsilyl catalysis: Efficient alkynylation of N,O-acetals and related pro-electrophiles
Michalska, Malina,Songis, Olivier,Taillier, Catherine,Bew, Sean P.,Dalla, Vincent
supporting information, p. 2040 - 2050 (2014/07/07)
We report a unique mechanism-guided reaction that enhances and expands the chemical space that readily generated gold(I) acetylides currently operate in. Our strategy exploits the propensity of gold(I) carbophilic catalysts with specific counteranions (LAuX - X=triflate or triflimidate) to efficiently activate and desilylate trimethylsilylalkynes, thereby mediating the in situ formation of equal and catalytic quantities of a silyl Lewis acid (TMSX) of tunable strength and a nucleophilic gold(I) acetylide. This unprecedented manifold opens avenues for developing synergistic silyl-gold(I)-catalyzed alkynylation strategies of diverse pro-electrophiles which were heretofore unattainable, the proof of concept being principally exemplified herein with the first catalytic alkynylation of N,O-acetals. The reaction proceeds at low catalyst loading, employs mild reaction conditions, is easily scalable, and affords propargylic lactam products in good to excellent yields. Furthermore, it is fully amenable to a diverse array of structure and function substrates, and also expands to other pro-electrophiles beyond N,O-acetals. Control experiments have been carried out that strongly support our dual reaction mechanism proposal which, furthermore, itself outlines an inextricable link between the strength of the ancillary silyl Lewis acid (TMSOTf versus TMSNTf2) and the coordinating ability of the gold counter anion employed. This underlying feature of our system underscores its significant potential and flexibility, which indeed manifests with the demonstration that by carefully selecting the gold counter ion, it is possible to manipulate the strength of the ancillary silyl Lewis acid so that it can be tailored to the ionizing ability of a particular pro-electrophile.
