25496-72-4 Usage
Description
MONOOLEIN, also known as Glyceryl monooleate, is a polar lipid derived from the esterification of commercial oleic acid, which can be sourced from edible or tall oil fatty acids. It is a mixture of monoacylglycerols, primarily monooleoylglycerol, along with variable quantities of diand triacylglycerols. MONOOLEIN is characterized by its faint fatty odor, amber oily liquid appearance, and the ability to swell in water, resulting in multiple phases with distinct rheological properties. It is also defined by its nominal content of monoacylglycerols and can be synthesized by partial glycerolysis of vegetable oils or esterification of glycerol by oleic acid.
Uses
1. Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
MONOOLEIN is used as an excipient for the formulation of water-soluble drugs that require sustained-release in drug delivery systems. Its ability to form different phases with varying rheological properties makes it a suitable candidate for controlled drug release.
2. Used in Food Industry:
MONOOLEIN is used as an antifog agent and dispersant in the food industry, leveraging its unique properties to improve the quality and appearance of various products.
3. Used in Cosmetics Industry:
MONOOLEIN, due to its polar lipid nature and ability to swell in water, can be utilized in the formulation of cosmetics and personal care products, providing emulsifying and stabilizing properties.
4. Used in Research Applications:
MONOOLEIN is often used in scientific research as a model lipid for studying membrane biophysics and the behavior of lipids in biological systems.
Production Methods
Glyceryl monooleate is prepared by the esterification of glycerol
with fatty acids, chiefly oleic acid. As the fatty acids are not pure
substances, but rather a mixture of fatty acids, the product obtained
from the esterification will contain a mixture of esters, including
stearic and palmitic. Di- and triesters may also be present. The
composition and, therefore, the physical properties of glyceryl
monooleate may thus vary considerably from manufacturer to
manufacturer; e.g. the melting point may vary from 10–35°C.
Pharmaceutical Applications
Glyceryl monooleate is a polar lipid that swells in water to give
several phases with different rheological properties. It is available
in both nonemulsifying (n/e) and self-emulsifying (s/e) grades, the
self-emulsifying grade containing about 5% of an anionic surfactant.
The nonemulsifying grade is used in topical formulations as an
emollient and as an emulsifying agent for water-in-oil emulsions. It
is also a stabilizer for oil-in-water emulsions. The self-emulsifying
grade is used as a primary emulsifier for oil-in-water systems.
Glyceryl monooleate gels in excess water, forming a highly
ordered cubic phase that can be used to sustain the release of
various water-soluble drugs.It is also the basis of mucoadhesive
drug delivery systems.
Glyceryl monooleate is reported to enhance transdermal and
buccal penetration.
Safety Profile
When heated to
decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Safety
Glyceryl monooleate is used in oral and topical pharmaceutical
formulations and is generally regarded as a relatively nonirritant
and nontoxic excipient.
storage
Glyceryl monooleate should be stored in an airtight container,
protected from light in a cool, dry place.
Incompatibilities
Glyceryl monooleate is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
The self-emulsifying grade is incompatible with cationic surfactants.
Regulatory Status
GRAS listed. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database
(oral capsules, oral powder, oral tablets; creams, controlled-release
transdermal films). Included in nonparenteral medicines licensed in
the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal
Ingredients.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 25496-72-4 includes 8 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 5 digits, 2,5,4,9 and 6 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 7 and 2 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 25496-72:
(7*2)+(6*5)+(5*4)+(4*9)+(3*6)+(2*7)+(1*2)=134
134 % 10 = 4
So 25496-72-4 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C21H40O4/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-21(24)25-19-20(23)18-22/h9-10,20,22-23H,2-8,11-19H2,1H3/b10-9+/t20-/m1/s1
