100246-30-8

Upstream product

• 1128-76-3 3-chloro-benzoic acid ethyl ester 
• 21667-62-9 3-chlorobenzoylacetonitrile 
• 618-46-2 m-Chlorobenzoyl chloride 
• 535-80-8 3-chlorobenzoate 

Downstream Products

• 84553-20-8 α,α-dichloro-m-chloroacetophenone 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

One-pot dichlorinative deamidation of primary β-ketoamides

An approach to the dichlorinative deamidation of primary β-ketoamides through ketonic cleavage is described, and a series of α,α-dichloroketones were furnished mostly in the presence of TEMPO. Based on control experiments, a mechanism involving tandem dichlorination and deamidation is proposed to interpret the observed reactivity.

Chlorophosphines as auxiliary ligands in ruthenium-catalyzed nitrile hydration reactions: Application to the preparation of β-ketoamides

The catalytic hydration of nitriles into amides, in water under neutral conditions, has been studied using a series of arene-ruthenium(ii) complexes containing commercially available chlorophosphines as auxiliary ligands, i.e. compounds [RuCl2(η6-p-cymene)(PR2Cl)] (R = aryl, heteroaryl or alkyl group). In the reaction medium, the coordinated chlorophosphines readily undergo hydrolysis to generate the corresponding phosphinous acids PR2OH, which are well-known "cooperative" ligands for this catalytic transformation. Among the complexes employed, best results were obtained with [RuCl2(η6-p-cymene){P(4-C6H4F)2Cl}]. Performing the catalytic reactions at 40 °C with 2 mol% of this complex, a large variety of organonitriles could be selectively converted into the corresponding primary amides in high yields and relatively short times. The application of [RuCl2(η6-p-cymene){P(4-C6H4F)2Cl}] in the preparation of synthetically useful β-ketoamides is also presented.

De novo parallel design, synthesis and evaluation of inhibitors against the reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 and drug-resistant variants

We used molecular modeling to design de novo broad-range inhibitors against wild type and drug-resistant variants of the reverse transcriptase (RT) of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1). First, we screened for small fragments that would interact with each one of four RT structures (one wild type and three mutants). Then, these fragments were linked to build a scaffold molecule. Out of 27 different compounds that were synthesized, four inhibited the DNA polymerase activity of RT with IC50 values below 10 μM. Compound 5f inhibited RT with an IC50 value of about 3.5 μM, while inhibiting drug-resistant RT variants more efficiently than the clinically used drug, nevirapine (11-cyclopropyl-5,11-dihydro-4-methyl-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b: 2′,3′-e-]-[1,4]diazepin-6-one). 5f also inhibited the RT ribonuclease H activity with an IC50 of 20 μM and therefore, unlike nevirapine, targets both RT activities. Accordingly, 5f can serve as lead for developing novel inhibitors against RT that may be used to suppress HIV-1 growth.

Preparation of N-unsubstituted β-ketoamides by Rhodococcus rhodochrous-catalysed hydration of β-ketonitriles

A varied set of N-unsubstituted β-ketoamides, hardly obtainable or non-accessible by non-enzymatic methods, have been synthesized, with good to excellent yields, by the generally fast hydration of the corresponding β-ketonitriles, catalysed by the bacterium Rhodococcus rhodochrous IFO 15564. This bacterium shows nitrile hydratase and amidase activities, the latter being inhibited during its growth phase with diethyl phosphoramidate (DEPA). Optimization of the processes and studies concerning large-scale biotransformations were also carried out. β-Ketoamides exist as keto-enol mixtures whose composition depends on their substituents and varies with solvent polarity.