1027384-72-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Rapid and Selective Reduction of Functionalized Aromatic Disulfides with Lithium Tri-tert-butoxyaluminohydride. A Remarkable Steric and Electronic Control. Comparison of Various Hydride Reagents
Krishnamurthy, S.,Aimino, D.
, p. 4458 - 4462 (1989)
Lithium tri-tert-butoxyaluminohydride (LTBA), an exceptionally mild reducing agent in organic synthesis, reduces functionalized aromatic disulfides to the corresponding thiols in quantitative yield.The reaction is rapid (for example, o-tolyl disulfide is reduced to completion in 60 min at 25 deg C) and can tolerate a wide variety of functional groups, such as halogen, nitro, carboxylic acid, and their derivatives.The presence of electron-withdrawing substituents dramatically enhances the rate of reduction (p-chlorophenyl disulfide is quantitatively reduced in 30 s) and electron-releasing substituents diminishes the rate of cleavage.The reaction is sensitive to steric effects (2,4-di-tert-pentylphenyl disulfide underwent 25percent reduction in 24 h).However, such hindered disulfides can be rapidly and quantitatively reduced in refluxing THF.The reaction of LTBA with alkyl disulfides is extremely sluggish.The reaction provides a useful and simple means for the facile and selective reduction of aromatic disulfides where this is required in synthetic operations.
4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydropyrones. 2. Potent non-peptide inhibitors of HIV protease
D.tait, Bradley
, p. 3781 - 3792 (2007/10/03)
The 4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydropyrone template was utilized as a flexible scaffolding from which to build potent active site inhibitors of HIV protease. Dihydropyrone 1c (5,6-dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-phenyl-3-[(2- phenylethyl)thio]-2H-pyran-2-one) was modeled in the active site of HIV protease utilizing a similar binding mode found for the previously reported 4-hydroxybenzopyran-2-ones. Our model led us to pursue the synthesis of 6,6- disubstituted dihydropyrones with the aim of filling S1 and S2 and thereby increasing the potency of the parent dihydropyrone 1c which did not fill S2. Toward this end we attached various hydrophobic and hydrophilic side chains at the 6-position of the dihydropyrone to mimic the natural and unnatural amino acids known to be effective substrates at P2 and P2'. Parent dihydropyrone 1c (IC50 = 2100 nM) was elaborated into compounds with greater than a 100-fold increase in potency [18c, IC50 = 5 nM, 5-(3,6- dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-2-phenyl-5-[2-phenylethyl)thio]-2H-pyran-2- yl)pentanoic acid and 12c, IC50 = 51 nM, 5,6-dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-phenyl-6- (2-phenylethyl)-3-[(2-phenyl-ethyl)thio]-2H-pyran-2-one]. Optimization of the 3-position fragment to fill S1' and S2' afforded potent HIV protease inhibitor 49 [IC50 = 10 nM, 3-[(2-tert-butyl-5-methylphenyl)sulfanyl]-5,6- dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-phenyl-6-(2-phenylethyl)-2H-pyran-2-one]. The resulting low molecular weight compounds (475) have one or no chiral centers and are readily synthesized.
