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Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Facile Synthesis of Highly Efficient Lepidine-Based Phosphorescent Iridium(III) Complexes for Yellow and White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

Highly efficient lepidine-based phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes with pentane-2,4-dione or triazolpyridine as ancillary ligands have been designed and prepared by a newly developed facile synthetic route. Fluorine atoms and trifluoromethyl groups have been introduced into the different positions of ligand, and their influence on the photophysical properties of complexes has been investigated in detail. All the triazolpyridine-based complexes display the blueshifted dual-peak emission compared to the pentane-2,4-dione-based ones with a broad single-peak emission. The complexes show emission with broad full width at half maximum (FWHM) over 100 nm, and the emissions are ranges from greenish-yellow to orange region with the absolute quantum efficiency (ΦPL) of 0.21-0.92 in solution, i.e., ΦPL = 0.92 (18), which is the highest value among the reported neutral yellow iridium(III) complexes. Furthermore, high-performance yellow and complementary-color-based white organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have been fabricated. The FWHMs of the yellow, greenish-yellow OLEDs are in the range of 94-102 nm, which are among the highest values of the reported yellow or greenish-yellow-emitting devices without excimer emission. The maximum external quantum efficiency of monochrome OLEDs can reach 24.1%, which is also the highest value among the reported yellow or greenish-yellow devices. The color rendering indexes of blue and complementary yellow-based white OLED is as high as 78.

Highly efficient suzuki-miyaura coupling of heterocyclic substrates through rational reaction design

A dicyclohexyl(2-sulfo-9-(3-(4-sulfophenyl)propyl)-9H-fluoren-9-yl) phosphonium salt was synthesized in 64% overall yield in three steps from simple commercially available starting materials. The highly water-soluble catalyst obtained from the corresponding phosphine and [Na2PdCl4] enabled the Suzuki coupling of a broad variety of N- and S-heterocyclic substrates. Chloropyridines (-quinolines) and aryl chlorides were coupled with aryl-, pyridineor indoleboronic acids in quantitative yields in water/n-butanol solvent mixtures in the presence of 0.005-0.05 mol% of Pd catalyst at 100°C, chloropurines were quantitatively Suzuki coupled in the presence of 0.5 mol% of catalyst, and S-heterocyclic aryl chlorides and aryl- or 3-pyridylboronic acids required 0.01-0.05 mol % Pd catalyst for full conversion. The key to the high activity of the Pd-phosphine catalyst is the rational design of the reaction parameters (i.e., the presence of water in the reaction mixture, good solubility of reactants and catalyst in n-butanol/water (3:1), and the electron-rich and sterically demanding nature of the phosphine ligand).