1042159-63-6Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Electrochemical Umpolung C-H Functionalization of Oxindoles
Pastor, Miryam,Vayer, Marie,Weinstabl, Harald,Maulide, Nuno
, p. 606 - 612 (2022/01/12)
Herein, we present a general electrochemical method to access unsymmetrical 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles by direct C-H functionalization where the oxindole fragment behaves as an electrophile. This Umpolung approach does not rely on stoichiometric oxidants and proceeds under mild, environmentally benign conditions. Importantly, it enables the functionalization of these scaffolds through C-O, and by extension to C-C or even C-N bond formation.
Orthogonal Pd- and Cu-based catalyst systems for C- and N-arylation of oxindoles
Altman, Ryan A.,Hyde, Alan M.,Huang, Xiaohua,Buchwald, Stephen L.
supporting information; scheme or table, p. 9613 - 9620 (2009/02/02)
In the cross-coupling reactions of unprotected oxindoles with aryl halides, Pd- and Cu-based catalyst systems displayed orthogonal chemoselectivity. A Pd-dialkylbiarylphosphine-based catalyst system chemoselectively arylated oxindole at the 3 position, while arylation occurred exclusively at the nitrogen using a Cu-diamine-based catalyst system. Computational examination of the relevant L1Pd(Ar)(oxindolate) and diamine-Cu(oxindolate) species was performed to gain mechanistic insight into the controlling features of the observed chemoselectivity.
