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Upstream product

• 1445-69-8 2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione 
• 104-87-0 4-methyl-benzaldehyde 
• 109-77-3 malononitrile 
• 136918-14-4 phthalimide 
• 85-44-9 phthalic anhydride 
• 31053-30-2 homophthalimide 
• 88-96-0 phthalamide 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

One-pot synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-dione derivatives under solvent-free conditions

A series of 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones were obtained from aldehydes, phthalhydrazide and malononitrile in good to excellent yields at 80-100 °C under solvent-free conditions by proceeding through a simple, mild and efficient procedure utilizing N,N,N′,N′-tetrabromobenzene-1,3-disulfonamide [TBBDA] and poly(N-bromo-N-ethylbenzene-1,3-disulfonamide) [PBBS] as catalysts. This journal is

One‐pot and green synthesis 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-dione and dihydropyrano[3,2-c]chromene derivatives by Fe3O4@SiO2-imine/phenoxy-Cu(II) as an efficient and reusable catalyst

In the current study, magnetite-silica core–shell nanoparticles modified with Cu-salen complex (Fe3O4@SiO2-imine/phenoxy-Cu(II)) was utilized as a heterogeneous catalyst for the one-pot multicomponent synthesis of 1H-pyraz

New role for photoexcited organic dye, Na2 eosin Y via the direct hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) process in photochemical visible-light-induced synthesis of spiroacenaphthylenes and 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones under air atmosphere

A green multi-component tandem strategy for metal-free synthesizing spiroacenaphthylenes and 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones by Knoevenagel-Michael cyclocondensation is reported via organic dye Na2 eosin Y-derived photoexcited states functions as a direct hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) catalyst via visible light-mediated in aqueous ethyl lactate at ambient temperature under air atmosphere. This study paves the new role for further use of a metal-free organic dye with commercial availability and inexpensiveness, Na2 eosin Y in photochemical synthesis with use of the lowest amount of catalyst, energy-effectiveness, excellent yields, operational simplicity, time-saving aspects of the reaction and high atom economy, thus meeting some features of sustainable and green chemistry. Notably, this cyclization is also runnable on gram scale, which highlights the potentiality of using this reaction in industrial uses.

Catalyst-free, visible light irradiation promoted synthesis of spiroacenaphthylenes and 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones in aqueous ethyl lactate

Catalyst-free three-component tandem approach can synthesize spiroacenaphthylenes and 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones by Knoevenagel-Michael cyclocondensation via visible light irradiation in aqueous ethyl lactate at room temperature. The signif

Synthesis of Fe3O4-supported Schiff base Cu (II) complex: a novel efficient and recyclable magnetic nanocatalyst for one-pot three-component synthesis of quinolin-5-one, chromene-3-carbonitrile and phthalazine-5,10-dione derivatives

In this research, synthesis and characterization of a novel Schiff base Cu (II) complex immobilized on Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles are reported. Then, the catalytic activity of these nanoparticles as magnetic recyclable nanocatalyst was explored for the one-pot three-component synthesis of quinolin-5-one, chromene-3-carbonitrile and phthalazine-5,10-dione derivatives. The reactions proceeded smoothly to provide the respective products in excellent yields under green conditions. Facile preparation of the catalyst, high yields of the products, low reaction times, and use of water as green solvent are the main advantages of the present protocol. Moreover, the catalyst can be easily separated from the reaction mixture in a magnetic field, recycled and reused for six consecutive fresh runs without considerable loss of catalytic activity. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

Experimental and DFT mechanistic insights into one-pot synthesis of 1: H -pyrazolo[1,2- b] phthalazine-5,10-diones under catalysis of DBU-based ionic liquids

Benzylation of DBU followed by anion exchange of the resulting salt with trifluoroacetate gave nearly quantitatively the ionic liquid [Bn-DBU][TFA]. It is shown here to be an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones via the three-component reaction of phthalhydrazide, aromatic aldehydes, and active α-methylene nitriles. DFT calculations at the B3LYP/SVP level and the experimental results are in agreement with a three-step mechanism for this reaction. Based on the DFT calculations, the catalytic effect largely arises from the intrinsic ionic properties of the ionic liquid rather than its action as a simple base. These calculations also predict the existence of two close-in-energy activated complexes whose rate determining roles and energies depend on their interaction with the anionic component of the ionic liquid, as [Bn-DBU][TFA] has shown a higher catalytic activity than [Bn-DBU][OAc]. This mechanistic approach opens up new and promising insights into the rational design of ionic liquid catalysts for the synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones. The synthetic method presented here has several prominent advantages.

β-Alanine-functionalized magnetic graphene oxide quantum dots: an efficient and recyclable heterogeneous basic catalyst for the synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-dione and 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives

In this research, we report a novel synthesis of magnetic β-alanine-functionalized-graphene oxide quantum dots Fe3O4@GOQDs-N-(β-alanine) as a recyclable and eco-friendly heterogeneous nanocatalyst. The catalytic efficiency of these nanosheets was explored as a basic catalyst for a one-pot three-component synthesis of various 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-dione and 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives. The reactions proceeded smoothly under mild and green conditions to afford the respected products in excellent yields. The structure of this newly fabricated catalyst was successfully confirmed by different analytical techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field emission-scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, and thermogravimetric analysis. The stability and recyclability of the catalyst were examined by performing the model reaction in six consecutive runs. The recovered catalyst from the first run was directly used for the next runs with no significant loss of catalytic activity.

CuO nanoparticles as a reusable catalyst for the synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-dione derivatives under solvent-free conditions

Nanostructured CuO was successfully utilized for the synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-dione derivatives via one-pot multicomponent reaction among phthalhydrazide, malononitrile and aromatic aldehydes under solvent-free conditions. Utilization of non-toxic and inexpensive catalyst, improved yields in short reaction times, wide substrate scope and easy purification of products are the important features of the developed protocol. The CuO nanocatalyst presents good reusability over five catalytic cycles.

Four-component clean process for the eco-friendly synthesis of 177-pyrazolo [1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-dione derivatives using Zn(OAc)2.2H2O as an efficient catalyst under solvent-free conditions

An efficient and convenient zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(OAc)2.2H2O) catalyzed synthesis of li/-pyrazolo[l,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-dione derivatives has been accomplished via one-pot four-condensation of phthalic anhydride, hydrazine monohydrate, aromatic aldehydes derivatives and malononitrile under solvent-free conditions. The notable advantages of the present procedure are: operational simplicity, eco-friendly, environmentally benign nature, low-cost and non-toxic catalyst, no necessity of chromatographic purification steps, short reaction times and good to high yields.