1061574-01-3

Upstream product

• 1061574-19-3 C₃₀H₃₇Cl₃N₄O₅S₂Si 
• 1061574-16-0 C₂₈H₃₃Cl₃N₄O₅S₂Si 
• 21972-99-6 pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid 
• 1061574-13-7 C₂₅H₃₀N₂O₄Si 
• 1061574-11-5 C₉H₁₂N₂O₄ 
• 1254691-05-8 C₂H₄O₂*C₂₇H₃₃Cl₃N₆O₄SSi 
• 76-02-8 trifluoroacetyl chloride 

Downstream Products

• 1061574-04-6 C₃₁H₃₄Cl₆N₆O₇SSi 
• 1061574-23-9 C₂₉H₃₂Cl₆N₆O₅SSi 
• 1061574-09-1 C₂₁H₂₁Cl₆N₇O₉S 
• 1254691-11-6 C₂₁H₂₁Cl₆N₇O₁₀S 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Synthesis of the Paralytic Shellfish Poisons (+)-Gonyautoxin 2, (+)-Gonyautoxin 3, and (+)-11,11-Dihydroxysaxitoxin

The paralytic shellfish poisons are a collection of guanidine-containing natural products that are biosynthesized by prokaryote and eukaryote marine organisms. These compounds bind and inhibit isoforms of the mammalian voltage-gated Na+ ion channel at concentrations ranging from 10-11 to 10-5 M. Here, we describe the de novo synthesis of three paralytic shellfish poisons, gonyautoxin 2, gonyautoxin 3, and 11,11-dihydroxysaxitoxin. Key steps include a diastereoselective Pictet-Spengler reaction and an intramolecular amination of an N-guanidyl pyrrole by a sulfonyl guanidine. The IC50s of GTX 2, GTX 3, and 11,11-dhSTX have been measured against rat NaV1.4, and are found to be 22 nM, 15 nM, and 2.2 ?M, respectively.

METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR STUDYING, IMAGING, AND TREATING PAIN

Saxitoxin analogue compounds, compositions, pharmaceutical compositions, methods of synthesis of saxitoxin analogues, methods of imaging, methods of treatment, including methods of treating pain, are provided. Saxitoxin (STX), gonyautoxin (GTX), and zetekitoxin, and variant STX compounds bind to sodium channels and are effective to reduce or block flow of sodium ions through such channels. Such channel block affects nerve and muscle action, and may be effective to reduce or block pain sensations, relax muscles, reduce muscle spasm, and reduce wrinkles. STX analogue binding to sodium channels may also be useful to locate, image, or mark sodium channels, and so be useful in studying sodium channels and sodium channel disorders, and in the diagnosis and treatment of patients suffering from sodium channel disorders. In embodiments, the variant STX compounds include conjugates having increased serum half-life as compared to STX when administered to a subject. In embodiments, the present disclosure provides a method for alleviating pain in a subject in need of treatment, the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a saxitoxin analogue compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, isomer, tautomer or prodrug thereof, whereby pain in said subject is alleviated.