1081978-32-6Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Hydrogen Bond Directed Photocatalytic Hydrodefluorination and Methods of Use Thereof
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Sheet 4, (2021/01/22)
Methods of synthesizing compounds comprising fluorinated aryl groups are disclosed, wherein said methods utilize hydrogen bond directed photocatalytic hydrodefluorination.
Hydrogen Bond Directed Photocatalytic Hydrodefluorination: Overcoming Electronic Control
Khaled, Mohammad B.,El Mokadem, Roukaya K.,Weaver, Jimmie D.
, p. 13092 - 13101 (2017/09/26)
The photocatalytic C-F functionalization of highly fluorinated arenes is a powerful method for accessing functionalized multifluorinated arenes. The decisive step in the determining regioselectivity in fluorine functionalization is fluoride fragmentation from the radical anion of the multifluorinated arene. To date, the availability of regioisomers has been dictated by the innate electronics of the fluorinated arene, limiting the synthetic utility of the chemistry. This study investigates the remarkable ability of a strategically located hydrogen bond to transcend the normal regioselectivity of the C-F functionalization event. A significant rate acceleration is additionally observed for hydrodefluorination of fluorines that can undergo intramolecular hydrogen bonds that form 5-8-membered cycles with moderately acidic N-H's. The hydrogen bond is expected to facilitate the fragmentation not only by bending the C-F bond of the radical anion out of planarity but also by increasing the exothermicity of the fluoride extrusion step through protonation of the naked fluoride. Finally, the synthetic utility of the method is demonstrated in an expedited synthesis of the trifluorinated α-phenyl acetic acid derivative required for the commercial synthesis of Januvia, an antidiabetic drug. This represents the first synthesis of a commercially important multifluorinated arene via a defluorination strategy and is significantly shorter than the current strategy.
Mechanisms of reactions of halogenated compounds. Part 7. Effects of fluorine and other groups as substituents on nucleophilic aromatic substitution
Chambers, Richard D.,Martin, Peter A.,Sandford, Graham,Williams, D. Lyn H.
experimental part, p. 998 - 1002 (2009/04/04)
The effect of fluorine as a substituent group on nucleophilic aromatic substitution is discussed, where a fluorine atom located ortho to the point of substitution may be of variable activating influence, whereas fluorine located para is slightly deactivat
