108292-13-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Preperations and Reactions of Symmetrical Dimethylenebiphenyl Dianions; Conformations of -o-Cyclophanes. A Simple NMR method for Determining Twist Angles in Biphenyls
Bates, Robert B.,Camou, Fernando A.,Kane, Vinayak V.,Mishra, Prasana K.,Suvannachut, Kessara,White, James J.
, p. 311 - 317 (2007/10/02)
With n-butyllithium / potassium tert-butoxide, a proton is removed from each methyl group of the symmetrical dimethylbiphenyls to give dianions in good yield.The reactions of these dianions with alkyl halides, dialkyl sulfates, trimethylchlorosilane, trimethylchlorogermane, α,ω-dihalides, and oxidizing agents were found to provide the best routes to many symmetrically substituted biphenyls, including - and cyclophanes.NMR and molecular mechanical studies of some of these cyclophanes gave information on their preferred conformations.An NMR method for determining the angle of twist in biphenyls from the chemical shifts of the ortho hydrogens is developed.
Electrochemical Reduction of (1-bromo-2,2-dimethylpropyl)benzene in Dimethylformamide on Carbon Electrodes
Fry, Albert J.,Powers, Thomas J.
, p. 2498 - 2501 (2007/10/02)
Products from the electrochemical reduction of (1-bromo-2,2-dimethylpropyl)benzene (4a) on carbon electrodes in dimethylformamide containing lithium perchlorate were found to depend upon the electrolysis potential.At relatively positive potentials the products are derived primarily from the coupling of two benzylic radicals, wheres at more negative potentials the products are derived from the corresponding carbanions.This establishes for the first time the mechanism of bibenzyl formation in the electrochemical reduction of benzyl bromides at nonmetallic electrodes.It has also been found that the meso-dl ratios of the 1,2-di-tert-butyl-1,2-diphenylethane products are dependent upon electrolysis potential and that head-to-head coupling of 1-phenyl-2,2-dimethylpropyl radicals is sterically restricted.
