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Upstream product

• 554-14-3 2-Methylthiophene 
• 1122-91-4 4-bromo-benzaldehyde 
• 104-88-1 4-chlorobenzaldehyde 

Downstream Products

• 1344734-09-3 C₃₂H₂₀F₆OS₃ 
• 1344734-12-8 C₄₁H₂₈F₆O₂S₃ 
• 1344734-18-4 1-[2-methyl-5-(4-formylphenyl)-3-thienyl]-2-(2-methyl-3-benzothiophenyl) perfluorocyclopentene 
• 1344734-19-5 C₃₅H₂₄F₆O₂S₂ 
• 1375061-65-6 C₃₄H₂₄F₆O₂S₃ 
• 386217-82-9 1-(2-methyl-5-phenyl-3-thienyl)-2-(2-methyl-5-(4-formylphenyl)-3-thienyl)hexafluorocyclopentene 
• 550348-56-6 4-(4-bromo-5-methylthiophen-2-yl)benzaldehyde 
• 550348-57-7 3-bromo-5-(4-(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenyl)-2-methylthiophene 
• 550348-58-8 1-[5-(4-(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenyl)-2-methyl-3-thienyl]-2-(2-methyl-5-phenyl-3-thienyl)hexafluorocyclopentene 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

BENZIMIDAZOLE COMPOUNDS AND USE THEREOF FOR TREATING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE OR HUNTINGTON'S DISEASE

Benzimidazole compounds of formula (I), shown below, are disclosed. The compounds are potent human glutaminyl cyclase inhibitors. Also disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition containing one of these compounds and a pharmaceutical acceptable carrier, as well as a method of treating Alzheimer's disease or Huntington's disease by administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of such a compound.

BENZIMIDAZOLE COMPOUNDS AND USE THEREOF FOR TREATING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE OR HUNTINGTON'S DISEASE

Benzimidazole compounds of formula (I), shown below, are disclosed. The compounds are potent human glutaminyl cyclase inhibitors. Also disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition containing one of these compounds and a pharmaceutical acceptable carrier, as well as a method of treating Alzheimer's disease or Huntington's disease by administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of such a compound.

Well-Defined Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Direct C-H Bond Arylation of Heteroarenes

A series of palladium N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes of type trans-{(NHC)PdCl2L} (L = C5H5N, 3-ClC5H4N, and PPh3) (3-5) have been developed as efficient precatalysts for direct C-H bond arylation of various heteroarenes. In particular, an in situ generated new NHC ligand derived from {1,3-di-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acenaphtho[1,2-d] imidazolium} chloride (2) is used for the stabilization of the palladium metal center. Among the screened palladium precatalysts (3-5), the most active PEPPSI themed complex (3) was successfully employed toward direct C-H bond arylation of various heteroarenes and aryl bromides. A range of functional groups on aryl bromides as well as on heteroarenes sustained throughout the standard reaction conditions for easy access of various arylated heterocyclic compounds. Significantly, the utility of the protocol was demonstrated by the effective synthesis of a precursor of raloxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator.

Aerobic and Efficient Direct Arylation of Five-Membered Heteroarenes and Their Benzocondensed Derivatives with Aryl Bromides by Bulky α-Hydroxyimine Palladium Complexes

In the present work, a series of α-hydroxyimine palladium complexes with bulky substituents (i.e., {[Ar-N=C(R)-C(R)2-OH]PdCl2} (C1, R = Me, Ar = 2-diphenylmethyl-4,6-dimethylphenyl; C2, R = Me, Ar = 2,6-bis(diphenylmethyl)-4-methylphenyl; C3, R = Me, Ar = 2,6-bis(diphenylmethyl)-4-methyoxylphenyl; C4, R = Me, Ar = 2,6-bis(diphenylmethyl)-4-chlorophenyl; C5, R = Ph, Ar = 2,6-dimethylphenyl; C6, R = Ph, Ar = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl)) were synthesized and characterized. The structures of palladium complexes C1 and C2 were determined by X-ray diffraction. These bidentate N,O-palladium complexes were applied for direct arylation under aerobic conditions. The effects of the reaction conditions and ligand substitution on the catalytic activity were evaluated. Upon a low palladium loading of 0.5 mol %, the bulky palladium complex C6 was successfully used to catalyze the cross-coupling of a variety of five-membered heteroarenes and their benzo-condensed derivatives with (hetero)aryl bromides. The mechanistic investigation on the direct arylation supported the involvement of a Pd(0)/Pd(II) CMD process.

Efficient Pd-catalyzed direct arylations of heterocycles with unreactive and hindered aryl chlorides

A highly electron-rich Pd complex can efficiently catalyze the direct arylation of heteroaromatics with unreactive and sterically congested aryl chlorides.

Ligand-less palladium-catalyzed direct 5-arylation of thiophenes at low catalyst loadings

Ligand-less Pd(OAc)2 provides a very efficient catalyst for the direct 5-arylation of thiophene derivatives. With this catalyst, a low palladium concentration (0.1-0.001 mol%) should be employed in order to obtain high yields of coupling products. At higher concentrations a fast formation of inactive "Pd black" generally occurs. Substrates/catalysts ratios up to 100000 can be employed with the most reactive aryl bromides. A very wide variety of functional groups is tolerated on both coupling partners. The major waste of this reaction is HBr associated with KOAc. Therefore this procedure is more economically and environmentally attractive than the traditional cross-coupling procedures employing organometallic derivatives.