1119-40-0Relevant articles and documents
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Schaafsma,S.E. et al.
, p. 827 - 830 (1973)
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Hagedorn III,Farnum
, p. 3765 (1977)
Straightforward synthesis of functionalized (E)-3-acylacrylic acids
Sivák, Ivan,Václav, Jakub,Berke?, Du?an,Kolarovi?, Andrej
, p. 8871 - 8875 (2015)
An experimentally simple, mild and straightforward synthetic route towards diversely functionalized (E)-3-acylacrylic acids is described, with Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE) reaction as the key step. The substrate scope and limitations of the HWE reaction were investigated with a range of β-ketophosphonates. Glyoxylic acid monohydrate was demonstrated to be fully compatible with the HWE reaction conditions, thus avoiding a troublesome hydrolysis of the corresponding 3-acylacrylates in the last step and providing a valuable synthetic shortcut.
Sulfonic acid-functionalized organic knitted porous polyaromatic microspheres as heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production
Varyambath, Anuraj,Kim, Mi-Ra,Kim, Il
, p. 12745 - 12753 (2018/08/04)
The use of renewable energy sources decreases the consequences of greenhouse gas emission from fossil fuels. Biodiesel, an easily burning and biodegradable fuel, is an alternative to conventional diesel fuel. The esterification of long-chain fatty acids and transesterification of triglycerides are two major reactions widely used to convert vegetable oils or animal fats into biodiesel. As solid acid catalysts are considered promising candidates for biodiesel production, we have synthesized a series of organic knitted porous polyaromatics (OPPs) using pyrene, anthracene, and naphthalene as monomers via Friedel-Crafts alkylation, followed by crosslinking reactions. The resultant polymers showed good surface morphology, stability and swelling property, high capacity for functionalization due to the unreacted bromomethyl groups on the surface, and excellent hydrophobicity. The sulfonated polymer microspheres obtained by the surface sulfonation showed good surface acidity; thus, they can be employed as heterogeneous solid acid catalysts for the esterification of long-chain fatty acids and transesterification of triglycerides, and they are reusable without any leaching of functional groups.
Efficient and selective oxidation of aldehydes with dioxygen catalysed by vanadium-containing heteropolyanions
El Amrani, Ikram,Atlamsani, Ahmed,Dakkach, Mohamed,Rodríguez, Montserrat,Romero, Isabel,Amthiou, Souad
, p. 888 - 895 (2017/09/26)
The heteropolyacids “H3+n[PMo12–nVnO40]·aq” (denoted as HPA-n; n = 2, 3, 8) catalyse the oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids in the presence of dioxygen with very good yields. The effect on the catalytic activity of various parameters such as the precursors, solvent, temperature or catalyst/substrate ratio was examined. The process is particularly selective for linear and aromatic aldehydes. The oxidation of adipaldehyde with dioxygen in mild conditions, in the presence of HPA-2 as a catalyst, leads to the formation of adipic acid together with a significant amount of other byproducts. Thus, several modifications of the catalytic systems have been carried out to improve their selectivity. The effect of cocatalysts was investigated and, among the species tested, complex Ni(acac)2 was found to be the most efficient yielding 60% of adipic acid.
