112944-93-1Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Ginger and its bioactive component inhibit enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin-induced diarrhea in mice
Chen, Jaw-Chyun,Huang, Li-Jiau,Wu, Shih-Lu,Kuo, Sheng-Chu,Ho, Tin-Yun,Hsiang, Chien-Yun
experimental part, p. 8390 - 8397 (2009/09/29)
Ginger is one of the most commonly used fresh herbs and spices. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT)-induced diarrhea is the leading cause of infant death in developing countries. In this study, we demonstrated that ginger significantly blocked the binding of LT to cell-surface receptor GM1, resulting in the inhibition of fluid accumulation in the closed ileal loops of mice. Biological-activity-guided searching for active components showed that zingerone (vanillylacetone) was the likely active constituent responsible for the antidiarrheal efficacy of ginger. Further analysis of chemically synthesized zingerone derivatives revealed that compound 31 (2-[(4-methoxybenzyl)oxy]benzoic acid) significantly suppressed LT-induced diarrhea in mice via an excellent surface complementarity with the B subunits of LT. In conclusion, our findings provide evidence that ginger and its derivatives may be effective herbal supplements for the clinical treatment of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhea.
On the para-selective chlorination of ortho-cresol
Bugnet, Emmanuelle A,Brough, Adrian R,Greatrex, Robert,Kee, Terence P
, p. 8059 - 8065 (2007/10/03)
Merrifield-bound o-cresol undergoes electrophilic aromatic chlorination using SO2Cl2 leading to para/ortho ratios in excess of 50, the highest such ratio reported for this chlorinating agent. Model studies suggest that this significant para/ortho ratio results not just from steric effects but that considerable electronic influence can be detected.
