120221-69-4Relevant articles and documents
Indolizine-phenothiazine hybrids as the first dual inhibitors of tubulin polymerization and farnesyltransferase with synergistic antitumor activity
B?cu, Elena,Dubois, Jo?lle,Farce, Amaury,Ghinet, Alina,Moise, Iuliana-Monica
, (2020)
In the incessant search for innovative cancer control strategies, this study was devoted to the design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of dual inhibitors of farnesyltransferase and tubulin polymerization (FTI/MTIs). A series of indolizine-phenothiazine hybrids 16 (amides) and 17 (ketones) has been obtained in a 4-step procedure. The combination of the two heterocycles provided potent tubulin polymerization inhibitors with similar efficiency as the reference phenstatin and (-)-desoxypodophyllotoxin. Ketones 17 were also able to inhibit human farnesyltransferase (FTase) in vitro. Interestingly, three molecules 17c, 17d and 17f were very effective against both considered biological targets. Next, nine indolizine-phenothiazine hybrids 16c, 16f, 17a-f and 22b were evaluated for their cell growth inhibition potential on the NCI-60 cancer cell lines panel. Ketones 17a-f were the most active and displayed promising cellular activities. Not only they arrested the cell growth of almost all tested cancer cells, but they displayed cytotoxicity potential with GI50 values in the low nanomolar range. The most sensitive cell lines upon treatment with indolizine-phenothiazine hybrids were NCI-H522 (lung cancer), COLO-205 and HT29 (colon cancer), SF-539 (human glioblastoma), OVCAR-3 (ovarian cancer), A498 (renal cancer) and especially MDA-MB-435 (melanoma). Demonstrating the preclinical effectiveness of these dual inhibitors can be crucial. A single dual molecule could induce a synergy of antitumor activity, while increasing the effectiveness and reducing the toxicity of the classical combo treatments currently used in chemotherapy.
Discovery and Characterization of GSK2801, a Selective Chemical Probe for the Bromodomains BAZ2A and BAZ2B
Chen, Peiling,Chaikuad, Apirat,Bamborough, Paul,Bantscheff, Marcus,Bountra, Chas,Chung, Chun-Wa,Fedorov, Oleg,Grandi, Paola,Jung, David,Lesniak, Robert,Lindon, Matthew,Müller, Susanne,Philpott, Martin,Prinjha, Rab,Rogers, Catherine,Selenski, Carolyn,Tallant, Cynthia,Werner, Thilo,Willson, Timothy M.,Knapp, Stefan,Drewry, David H.
, p. 1410 - 1424 (2016/03/05)
Bromodomains are acetyl-lysine specific protein interaction domains that have recently emerged as a new target class for the development of inhibitors that modulate gene transcription. The two closely related bromodomain containing proteins BAZ2A and BAZ2B constitute the central scaffolding protein of the nucleolar remodeling complex (NoRC) that regulates the expression of noncoding RNAs. However, BAZ2 bromodomains have low predicted druggability and so far no selective inhibitors have been published. Here we report the development of GSK2801, a potent, selective and cell active acetyl-lysine competitive inhibitor of BAZ2A and BAZ2B bromodomains as well as the inactive control compound GSK8573. GSK2801 binds to BAZ2 bromodomains with dissociation constants (KD) of 136 and 257 nM for BAZ2B and BAZ2A, respectively. Crystal structures demonstrated a canonical acetyl-lysine competitive binding mode. Cellular activity was demonstrated using fluorescent recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) monitoring displacement of GFP-BAZ2A from acetylated chromatin. A pharmacokinetic study in mice showed that GSK2801 had reasonable in vivo exposure after oral dosing, with modest clearance and reasonable plasma stability. Thus, GSK2801 represents a versatile tool compound for cellular and in vivo studies to understand the role of BAZ2 bromodomains in chromatin biology.
