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• 1445-69-8 2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione 
• 587-04-2 m-Chlorobenzaldehyde 
• 109-77-3 malononitrile 
• 85-44-9 phthalic anhydride 
• 136918-14-4 phthalimide 
• 88-96-0 phthalamide 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Ultrasound-assisted synthesis of pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazines and dihydrospiro[indoline-3,1'-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazines] using TBAF as an efficient phase-transfer catalyst

Tetrabutylammonim fluoride has been used as an efficient catalyst for synthesis of pyrazolo[1,2-b]-phthalazine-5,10-diones and dihydrospiro[indoline-3,1'-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazines] by one-pot three-component reaction of phthalhydrazide, aromatic aldehyd

Mono- and bis-pyrazolophthalazines: Design, synthesis, cytotoxic activity, DNA/HSA binding and molecular docking studies

In an attempt to find new potent cytotoxic compounds, several mono- and bis-pyrazolophthalazines 4a-m and 6a-h were synthesized through an efficient, one-pot, three- and pseudo five-component synthetic approach. All derivatives were evaluated for their in

Zeolite-based hybrid material as an efficient promoter in the green synthesis of mono/bis-phthalazinones

Hybrid structures containing organic-inorganic porous materials are of great interest as green, heterogeneous, and recyclable catalysts. In this study, a novel organic-inorganic hybrid material (Zeolite HY@DETA) via the surface-functionalization of the Zeolite HY was prepared. The structure of hybrid material was characterized using the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis. Subsequently, the catalytic activity of this novel hybrid material was considered in the one-pot three-component synthesis of 3-amino-1-aryl-5,10-dioxo-1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-2-carbonitrile and some bis phthalazine-dione derivatives under green and environmentally benign conditions. The products were synthesized in excellent yields within a short reaction time and identified using elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopies. This protocol avoids the use of harmful catalysts, toxic solvents, and harsh reaction conditions. Besides, the catalyst could be recycled for five reaction runs with a slight loss of catalytic activity.

Catalyst-free, visible light irradiation promoted synthesis of spiroacenaphthylenes and 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones in aqueous ethyl lactate

Catalyst-free three-component tandem approach can synthesize spiroacenaphthylenes and 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones by Knoevenagel-Michael cyclocondensation via visible light irradiation in aqueous ethyl lactate at room temperature. The signif

New role for photoexcited organic dye, Na2 eosin Y via the direct hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) process in photochemical visible-light-induced synthesis of spiroacenaphthylenes and 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones under air atmosphere

A green multi-component tandem strategy for metal-free synthesizing spiroacenaphthylenes and 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones by Knoevenagel-Michael cyclocondensation is reported via organic dye Na2 eosin Y-derived photoexcited states functions as a direct hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) catalyst via visible light-mediated in aqueous ethyl lactate at ambient temperature under air atmosphere. This study paves the new role for further use of a metal-free organic dye with commercial availability and inexpensiveness, Na2 eosin Y in photochemical synthesis with use of the lowest amount of catalyst, energy-effectiveness, excellent yields, operational simplicity, time-saving aspects of the reaction and high atom economy, thus meeting some features of sustainable and green chemistry. Notably, this cyclization is also runnable on gram scale, which highlights the potentiality of using this reaction in industrial uses.

Experimental and DFT mechanistic insights into one-pot synthesis of 1: H -pyrazolo[1,2- b] phthalazine-5,10-diones under catalysis of DBU-based ionic liquids

Benzylation of DBU followed by anion exchange of the resulting salt with trifluoroacetate gave nearly quantitatively the ionic liquid [Bn-DBU][TFA]. It is shown here to be an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones via the three-component reaction of phthalhydrazide, aromatic aldehydes, and active α-methylene nitriles. DFT calculations at the B3LYP/SVP level and the experimental results are in agreement with a three-step mechanism for this reaction. Based on the DFT calculations, the catalytic effect largely arises from the intrinsic ionic properties of the ionic liquid rather than its action as a simple base. These calculations also predict the existence of two close-in-energy activated complexes whose rate determining roles and energies depend on their interaction with the anionic component of the ionic liquid, as [Bn-DBU][TFA] has shown a higher catalytic activity than [Bn-DBU][OAc]. This mechanistic approach opens up new and promising insights into the rational design of ionic liquid catalysts for the synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones. The synthetic method presented here has several prominent advantages.

Green synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-2-carbonitrile derivatives using a new bifunctional base–ionic liquid hybrid magnetic nanocatalyst

The ionic liquid-base N,N,2,2,6,6-hexamethyl-N-(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)piperidin-4-amonium iodide was grafted onto titana-coated NiFe2O4 nanoparticles for obtaining an efficient and reusable ionic liquid-base hybrid nanocatalyst.

Four-component clean process for the eco-friendly synthesis of 177-pyrazolo [1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-dione derivatives using Zn(OAc)2.2H2O as an efficient catalyst under solvent-free conditions

An efficient and convenient zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(OAc)2.2H2O) catalyzed synthesis of li/-pyrazolo[l,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-dione derivatives has been accomplished via one-pot four-condensation of phthalic anhydride, hydrazine monohydrate, aromatic aldehydes derivatives and malononitrile under solvent-free conditions. The notable advantages of the present procedure are: operational simplicity, eco-friendly, environmentally benign nature, low-cost and non-toxic catalyst, no necessity of chromatographic purification steps, short reaction times and good to high yields.

[Bu3NH][HSO4] catalyzed: an eco-efficient synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones and 2H-indazolo[2,1-b]phthalazine-triones under solvent-free conditions

A Br?nsted acidic ionic liquid [Bu3NH][HSO4] as an eco-efficient catalyst for the one-pot multicomponent synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones and 2H-indazolo[2,1-b]phthalazine-triones by using various aldehyde, malo

Preparation and characterization of nanomagnetic piperidinium benzene-1,3-disulfonate ionic liquid as a novel, green and heterogeneous catalyst and its use in the synthesis of 1H–pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones and 1H–pyrazolo[1,2-a] pyridazine-5,8-diones under solvent-free conditions

The one-pot four-component synthesis of 1H–pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones and 1H–pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyridazine-5,8-diones was carried out from the reaction between various aldehydes, malononitrile, hydrazine hydrate and phthalic anhydride or maleic anhydride at 110?°C in solvent-free conditions using piperidinium benzene-1,3-disulfonate nanomagnetic ionic liquid (NMIL) as a novel and reusable catalyst. Some advantages of the presented procedure are a significant reduction in cost, effective catalysis and reusability of the catalyst. NMIL was thoroughly characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopies, thermogravimetry, derivative thermogravimetry, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, vibrating sample magnetometry and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The technique is developed as a suitable and safe method for the synthesis of 1H–pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones and 1H–pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyridazine-5,8-diones making use of an efficient and reusable green catalyst.