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• 288-32-4 1H-imidazole 
• 824-94-2 p-methoxybenzyl chloride 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Novel: Cis -[(NHC)1(NHC)2(L)Cl]platinum(II) complexes-synthesis, structures, and anticancer activities

A general synthesis of novel platinum(ii) complexes bearing two different, cis-oriented, N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands is presented. Easily accessible cis-[PtII(NHC)(DMSO)] precursor complexes were converted to either cis-[PtII(NHC)2Cl2] complexes such as 5a and 5b, or to novel mixed cis-[PtII(NHC)1(NHC)2Cl2] complexes such as 5c-h by successive introduction of the individual carbene ligands. The 'symmetric' complexes 5a and 5b were also converted to cationic cis-[PtII(NHC)2(PPh3)Cl]+Cl- complexes 8a and 8b. The structures of the ten new complexes, comprising benzylated and alkylated imidazol-2-ylidene ligands, were analysed by 1H, 13C and 195Pt NMR spectroscopy and also by X-ray diffraction for 5a, 5d, 5h, and 8a. The neutral complexes 5 were cytotoxic against a panel of seven human cancer cell lines with IC50 values in the low micromolar range, while the cationic complexes 8 reached even nanomolar IC50 values. Complex 5h carrying the substitution pattern of the natural antitumoral agent Combretastatin A-4 showed a conspicuous specificity for cancer cell lines sensitive to this drug. In electrophoretic mobility shift assays, the cis-biscarbene complexes 5b and 8b led to an unwinding or aggregation of plasmid DNA, while the trans-biscarbene complex 1b showed no such effect.

Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Oxidation of Secondary Alcohols Catalysed by Cp*IrIII–NHC Complexes

A series of new IrIIIcomplexes with carbene ligands that contain a range of benzyl wingtip groups have been prepared and fully characterised by NMR spectroscopy, HRMS, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction. All the complexes were active in the acceptorless dehydrogenation of alcohol substrates in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol to give the corresponding carbonyl compounds. The most active complex bore an electron-rich carbene ligand; this complex was used to catalyse the highly efficient and chemoselective dehydrogenation of a wide range of secondary alcohols to their respective ketones, with turnover numbers up to 1660. Mechanistic studies suggested that the turnover of the dehydrogenation reaction is limited by the H2-formation step.

TRIAZOLIUM AND IMIDAZOLIUM SALTS AND USES THEREOF

The present disclosure relates to certain new and known triazolium and/or imidazolium salts and to their therapeutic use, for example in methods of treating or preventing an infection by a Plasmodium or Babesia parasite in a subject in need thereof. The triazolium and imidazolium salts are compounds of the Formula (I) or (II): wherein R1-R4, R1′-R3′, R8-R11, X, X′, X″, Y, Y′ and Y″ are as defined in the disclosure.

Anti-Plasmodium activity of imidazolium and triazolium salts

We have previously reported that tetrazolium salts were both potent and specific inhibitors of Plasmodium replication, and that they appear to interact with a parasite component that is both essential and conserved. The use of tetrazolium salts in vivo is limited by the potential reduction of the tetrazolium ring to form an inactive, neutral acyclic formazan. To address this issue imidazolium and triazolium salts were synthesized and evaluated as Plasmodium inhibitors. Many of the imidazolium and triazolium salts were highly potent with active concentrations in the nanomolar range in Plasmodium falciparum cultures, and specific to Plasmodium with highly favorable therapeutic ratios. The results corroborate our hypothesis that an electron-deficient core is required so that the compound may thereby interact with a negatively charged moiety on the parasite merozoite; the side groups in the compound then form favorable interactions with adjacent parasite components and thereby determine both the potency and selectivity of the compound.