122332-15-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Enantiomerically Enriched α-Borylzinc Reagents by Nickel-Catalyzed Carbozincation of Vinylboronic Esters
Chen, Jingjia,Hu, Weipeng,Jin, Jing,Lovinger, Gabriel J.,Morken, James P.,Zhang, Chenlong
supporting information, p. 14189 - 14195 (2021/09/11)
In this paper is described a synthesis of enantiomerically enriched, configurationally stable organozinc reagents by catalytic enantioselective carbozincation of a vinylboronic ester. This process furnishes enantiomerically enriched α-borylzinc intermediates that are shown to undergo stereospecific reactions, producing enantioenriched secondary boronic ester products. The properties of the intermediate α-borylzinc reagent are probed and the synthetic utility of the products is demonstrated by application to the synthesis of (-)-aphanorphine and (-)-enterolactone.
Development of a Practical, Biocatalytic Synthesis of tert-Butyl (R)-3-Hydroxyl-5-hexenoate: A Key Intermediate to the Statin Side Chain
Chen, Fener,Hu, Chen,Huang, Zedu,Liu, Minjie,Yue, Xiaoping
supporting information, p. 1700 - 1706 (2020/10/26)
The HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, statins, are one of the most effective and bestselling cholesterol-lowering drugs. The use of statins has greatly extended people's lives and improved the quality of their life. Development of a more efficient, stereoselective, and sustainable synthesis of statins is continuingly of utmost importance. In the present study, through screening of ketoreductases (KREDs) and reaction optimization, we have successfully performed a highly stereoselective reduction of ketoester 1a catalyzed by KRED-06 at a pilot-plant scale without the addition of exogenous NADP+, generating 3.21 kg of enantiomerically pure tert-butyl (R)-3-hydroxyl-5-hexenoate ((R)-2a) (96.2% yield, >99.9% enantiomeric excess (ee)). This newly developed biocatalytic process alleviates the cryogenic conditions (-40 °C) employed in our first-generation synthesis of (R)-2a using NaBH4 and (l)-tartaric acid. Coupled with our previously established synthesis of bromocarbonate 3a via a one-pot diastereoselective carboxylation/bromocyclization of (R)-2a, we have developed an innovative, practical synthesis route to statin side chain, possessing great potential to be implemented into industrial production of statins.
Bi(cyclopentyl)diol-Derived Boronates in Highly Enantioselective Chiral Phosphoric Acid-Catalyzed Allylation, Propargylation, and Crotylation of Aldehydes
Yuan, Jinping,Jain, Pankaj,Antilla, Jon C.
, p. 12988 - 13003 (2020/11/23)
In this study, we disclose the catalytic addition of bi(cyclopentyl)diol-derived boronates to aldehydes promoted by chiral phosphoric acids, allowing for the formation of enantioenriched homoallylic, propargylic, and crotylic alcohols (up to >99% enantiom
Enantioselective 1,2-Anionotropic Rearrangement of Acylsilane through a Bisguanidinium Silicate Ion Pair
Cao, Weidi,Tan, Davin,Lee, Richmond,Tan, Choon-Hong
, p. 1952 - 1955 (2018/02/17)
Highly enantioselective bisguanidinium-catalyzed tandem rearrangements of acylsilanes are reported. The acylsilanes were activated via an addition of fluoride on the silicon to form a penta-coordinate anionic silicate intermediate. The silicate then underwent alkyl or aryl group migration from the silicon atom to the neighboring carbonyl carbon atom (1,2-anionotropic rearrangement), followed by [1,2]-Brook rearrangement to provide the secondary alcohols in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 95% ee). The isolation of an α-silylcarbinol intermediate as well as DFT calculations revealed that the 1,2-anionotropic rearrangement occurred via a bisguanidinium silicate ion pair, which is the stereodetermining step. The chiral center formed is then retained without inversion through the subsequent [1,2]-Brook rearrangement. Crotyl acylsilanes were smoothly transformed into homoallylic linear crotyl alcohols with retention of E/Z geometry, and no branched alcohols were detected. This clearly suggested that the 1,2-anionotropic rearrangement occurred through a three-membered instead of a five-membered transition state.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Borylalkanes via Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydroallylation
Han, Jung Tae,Jang, Won Jun,Kim, Namhyeon,Yun, Jaesook
supporting information, p. 15146 - 15149 (2016/12/06)
An efficient synthetic method for preparing enantioenriched secondary borylalkanes has been achieved through a copper-catalyzed regio- and enantioselective hydroallylation of alkenyl boronates and boramides employing hydrosilanes and allylic phosphates. In the presence of a copper catalyst with a chiral Walphos ligand, a range of alkenylboron compounds with an aryl, heteroaryl, or alkyl substituent produced secondary homoallylic alkylboron compounds in good yields and with high enantioselectivities up to 99% ee. The utility of the resulting alkylboronates was demonstrated in an efficient synthesis of (S)-massoialactone.
Towards a characterization of the structural determinants of specificity in the macrocyclizing thioesterase for deoxyerythronolide B biosynthesis
Argyropoulos, Panos,Bergeret, Fabien,Pardin, Christophe,Reimer, Janice M.,Pinto, Atahualpa,Boddy, Christopher N.,Schmeing, T. Martin
, p. 486 - 497 (2016/02/05)
Type I polyketide synthases (PKSs) are giant multidomain proteins that synthesize many therapeutics and other natural products. The synthesis proceeds by a thiotemplate mechanism whereby intermediates are covalently attached to the PKS. The release of the final polyketide is catalyzed by the terminal thioesterase (TE) domain through hydrolysis, transesterification, or macrocyclization. The PKS 6-deoxyerythronolide B synthase (DEBS) produces the 14-membered macrolide core of the clinically important antibiotic erythromycin. The TE domain of DEBS (DEBS TE) has well-established, empirically-defined specificities for hydrolysis or macrocyclization of native and modified substrates. We present efforts towards understanding the structural basis for the specificity of the thioesterase reaction in DEBS TE using a set of novel diphenyl alkylphosphonates, which mimic substrates that are specifically cyclized or hydrolyzed by DEBS TE. We have determined structures of a new construct of DEBS TE alone at 1.7 ?, and DEBS TE bound with a simple allylphosphonate at 2.1 ? resolution. Other, more complex diphenyl alkylphosphonates inhibit DEBS TE, but we were unable to visualize these faithful cyclization analogs in complex with DEBS TE. This work represents a first step towards using DEBS TE complexed with sophisticated substrate analogs to decipher the specificity determinants in this important reaction.
An evolutionary model encompassing substrate specificity and reactivity of type i polyketide synthase thioesterases
Hari, Taylor P.A.,Labana, Puneet,Boileau, Meaghan,Boddy, Christopher N.
, p. 2656 - 2661 (2015/02/19)
Bacterial polyketides are a rich source of chemical diversity and pharmaceutical agents. Understanding the biochemical basis for their biosynthesis and the evolutionary driving force leading to this diversity is essential to take advantage of the enzymes as biocatalysts and to access new chemical diversity for drug discovery. Biochemical characterization of the thioesterase (TE) responsible for 6-deoxyerythronolide macrocyclization shows that a small, evolutionarily accessible change to the substrate can increase the chemical diversity of products, including macrodiolide formation. We propose an evolutionary model in which TEs are by nature non-selective for the type of chemistry they catalyze, producing a range of metabolites. As one metabolite becomes essential for improving fitness in a particular environment, the TE evolves to enrich for that corresponding reactivity. This hypothesis is supported by our phylogenetic analysis, showing convergent evolution of macrodiolide-forming TEs.
Oxazoline derivatives tagged with tosylated amino acids as recyclable organocatalysts for enantioselective allylation of aldehydes
Ghosh, Debashis,Sadhukhan, Arghya,Maity, Nabin Ch.,Abdi, Sayed H. R.,Khan, Noor-Ul H.,Kureshy, Rukhsana I.,Bajaj, Hari C.
, p. 12257 - 12265 (2014/03/21)
A series of amino acid-based oxazoline compounds have been prepared and successfully applied to the enantioselective allylation reaction of aldehydes. The fine-tuning of the structure of the oxazolines led to (S,S)-4 as an efficient organocatalyst which gave homoallyl alcohols in good yield (up to 90%) and excellent ee (up to 99%) for a wide range of substrates including aromatic, hetero-aromatic and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes. The chiral organocatalyst was synthesized in three easy steps with an overall 88% yield and successfully recycled for up to three cycles. On the basis of the experimental observations and NMR studies, a probable mechanism was proposed for this reaction.
Stereocontrolled synthesis of a C1-C10 building block ("Southwestern Moiety") for the unnatural enantiomers of the polyene polyol antibiotics filipin III and pentamycin: A sultone-forming ring-closing metathesis for protection of hom
Walleser, Patrick,Brueckner, Reinhard
, p. 3210 - 3224 (2014/06/09)
In C2-symmetric diol 10 one OH group was substituted by crotonic acid and the other was incorporated in an ethenesulfonate. A twofold ring-closing metathesis under forcing conditions provided unsaturated lactone/unsaturated sultone 24. Conjugat
Br?nsted acid-catalyzed asymmetric allylation and propargylation of aldehydes
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Page/Page column 8; 20, (2013/08/28)
A method synthesizing homoallylic or homopropargylic alcohols was developed to react aldehydes with allyl boronates, such as allylboronic acid pinacol ester, or allenylborates in the presence of a catalytic amount of a chiral binaphthyl-derived chiral pho
