123021-85-2

Usage

Type of drug

Thiazolidinedione derivative

Medical use

Treatment of type 2 diabetes

Mechanism of action

Improves insulin sensitivity and reduces glucose levels

Additional effects

Decreases triglycerides, increases HDL cholesterol levels

Potential benefits

Reduces risk of cardiovascular disease, improves metabolic profile

Side effects

Weight gain, increased risk of heart failure in some individuals

Upstream product

• 103788-60-9 5-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]-2,4-thiazolidinedione 
• 199114-66-4 ethyl 2-(4-((2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)phenoxy)acetate 
• 2295-31-0 thiazoline-2,4-dione 
• 22042-71-3 (4-formylphenoxy)acetic acid 
• 123-08-0 4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde 

Downstream Products

• 179087-93-5 [4-[[2,4-dioxo-1,3-thiazolidine-5-yl]methyl]phenoxy]acetic acid 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of thiazolidine-2,4-dione conjugates as PPAR-γ agonists

A library of synthesized conjugates of phenoxy acetic acid and thiazolidinedione 5a-m showed potent peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) transactivation as well as significant blood glucose lowering effect comparable to the standard drugs pioglitazone and rosiglitazone. Most of the compounds showed higher docking scores than the standard drug rosiglitazone in the molecular docking study. Compounds 5l and 5m exhibited PPAR-γ transactivation of 54.21 and 55.41%, respectively, in comparison to the standard drugs pioglitazone and rosiglitazone, which showed 65.94 and 82.21% activation, respectively. Compounds 5l and 5m significantly lowered the blood glucose level of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Compounds 5l and 5m lowered the AST, ALT, and ALP levels more than the standard drug pioglitazone. PPAR-γ gene expression was significantly increased by compound 5m (2.00-fold) in comparison to the standard drugs pioglitazone (1.5-fold) and rosiglitazone (1.0-fold). Compounds 5l and 5m did not cause any damage to the liver and could be considered as promising candidates for the development of new antidiabetic agents.

Design, synthesis, in silico molecular docking and biological evaluation of novel oxadiazole based thiazolidine-2,4-diones bis-heterocycles as PPAR-γ agonists

A library of novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole and 2-4-thiazolidinedione based bis-heterocycles 7 (a-r) has been synthesized which exhibited significant PPAR-?3 transactivation and blood glucose lowering effect comparable with the standard drugs Pioglitazone and Rosiglitazone. Compounds 7m and 7r did not cause body weight gain and were found to be free from hepatotoxic and cardiotoxic side effects. Compounds 7m and 7r increased PPAR-?3 gene expression by 2.10 and 2.00 folds, respectively in comparison to the standard drugs Pioglitazone (1.5 fold) and Rosiglitazone (1.0 fold). Therefore the compounds 7m and 7r may be considered as potential candidates for development of new antidiabetic agents.

Design, synthesis, and activity evaluation of GK/PPARγ Dual-target-directed ligands as hypoglycemic agents

Based on the multi-target strategy to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), glucokinase/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (GK/PPARγ) dual-target molecules were constructed by the rational combination of pharmacophores from known GK activators