1231763-85-1Relevant articles and documents
Manipulating [2u202f+u202f2] photodimerization of 1,4-dihydropyridines within γ-cyclodextrin
Sun, Wuji,Fan, Qiangwen,Yan, Hong
, p. 33 - 39 (2018)
Irradiation of 1,4-dihydropyridines (DHPs) in the presence of γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) performs an efficient formation of the cage-dimer under a medium-pressure mercury lamp. The cage-dimer yields for DHPs complexed within γ-CD may achieve approximately 80%, far higher than those in the non-complexed state. It is postulated that the available cavity volume in γ-CD is responsible for the observed selectivity. The formation of 1:2 host-guest inclusion complex plays an important role in this reaction, and manipulates DHPs to perform [2 + 2] photodimerization as expected. In order to investigate the inclusion process, the spectral characteristics were investigated and the theoretical study was performed using density functional theory (DFT).
Triplet phenacylimidazoliums-catalyzed photocycloaddition of 1,4-dihydropyridines: An experimental and theoretical study
Zhu, Xiaohe,Li, Weipeng,Yan, Hong,Zhong, Rugang
experimental part, p. 13 - 20 (2012/08/13)
The photocycloadditions of 1,4-dihydropyridines (DHPs) were achieved by using phenacylimidazoliums (PIms) as photosensitizers. Irradiation of DHPs 3a-g in the presence of PIms 1a-e and 2 performed an efficient formation of 3,9-diazatetraasteranes in shorter times under a lower power lamp. The mechanism of photocycloaddition catalyzed by PIm was studied by laser flash photolysis and theoretical DFT computation. These time-resolved results showed that the triplet excited states of PIms were generated with high efficiency and detected by their characteristic ultraviolet absorptions, which were quenched by DHP at almost diffusion controlled rate. Theoretical studies suggest that PIm is involved in the photocycloaddition process through the 3(DHP? PIm)* triplet complexes and assists the stabilization of intermediates. All subsequent steps are predicted to be favorable and exothermic, leading to the cage dimers.