124451-79-2

Upstream product

• 4098-71-9 isophorone diisocyanate 
• 818-61-1 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Synthesis of silsesquioxane urethane hybrid materials by a modified sol-gel process

Methacrylate silsesquioxane terminated by urethane acrylate (MASSQ-UA) was prepared via a combination of a sol-gel process and urethane chemistry. The organic and inorganic segments were hybridized at the molecular level. The methacrylate silsesquioxane (MASSQ) was first prepared by hydrolysis and condensation reactions. The molar ratio of water to silane was specifically quantified to control the molecular structure, molecular weight and the distribution of MASSQ. MASSQ-UA was then synthesized by terminating the residual silanol groups in the incomplete MASSQ with pre-prepared mono-adducts of isophorone diisocyanate and 2-hydroxylethyl acrylate. In the second step of the reaction, the residual, but still active, silanol groups were effectively reduced and sterically hindered, overcoming the instability problems that frequently occur in traditional sol-gel-derived silsesquioxane. In addition to the methacrylate groups, isophorone diisocyanate and 2-hydroxylethyl acrylate were hybridized with MASSQ. Unlike traditional heterogeneous filler systems, these hybrids are molecular systems and are homogeneous, optically clear fluids in which the inorganic and organic components are linked by covalent bonds. The molecular structures, molecular weight and polydispersity of the final products were investigated by various methods, including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The thermal stability of MASSQ-UA and the water resistance of UV-cured MASSQ-UA-based coatings were improved compared with the MASSQ and UV-cured MASSQ-based coatings. The process developed here can be monitored and controlled and could therefore be used industrially for commercial large-scale production.

Radiation cured epoxy acrylate composites based on graphene, graphite oxide and functionalized graphite oxide with enhanced properties

Epoxy acrylate (EA) composites containing graphite oxide (GO), graphene and nitrogen-double bond functionalized graphite oxide (FGO) were fabricated using UV-radiation and electron beam radiation via in-situ polymerization. Graphene and FGO were homogenously dispersed in EA matrix and enhanced properties, including thermal stability, flame retardancy, electrical conductivity and reduced deleterious gas releasing in thermo decomposition were obtained. Microscale combustion colorimeter results illustrated improved flame retardancy; EA/FGO composites achieved a 29.7% reduction in total heat release (THR) when containing only 0.1% FGO and a 38.6% reduction in peak-heat release rate (PHRR) when containing 3% FGO. The onset decomposition temperatures were delayed and the maximum decomposition values were reduced, according to thermogravimetric analysis which indicated enhanced thermal stabilities. The electrical conductivity was increased by 6 orders of magnitude (3% graphene) and the deleterious gas released during the thermo decomposition was reduced with the addition of all the graphite samples. This study represented a new approach to functionalize GO with flame retardant elements and active curable double bond to achieve better dispersion of GO into polymer matrix to obtain nanocomposites and paved a way for achieving graphene-based materials with high-performance of graphene in enhancement of flame retardancy of polymers for practical applications. Copyright

ANTI-FOG COATINGS

Anti-fog coatings and related articles, compositions, and methods are generally described. In some embodiments, an article may comprise a dual functional anti-fog and anti-fouling coating. The coating may be stimuli-responsive and the surface energy, and accordingly wettability, of the coating may reversibly change upon exposure to certain conditions. For instance, upon exposure to water, the coating may have a relatively high surface energy that allows water to wet the coating. Conversely, exposure to an oil may cause the coating to have a relatively low surface energy that repels the oil. In some embodiments, such a stimuli responsive coating may comprise a cross-linked polymer network with covalently attached oleophobic groups.