128200-45-3Relevant articles and documents
An insight on the influence of surface Lewis acid sites for regioselective C–H bond C3-cyanation of indole using NH4I and DMF as combined cyanide source over Cu/SBA-15 catalyst
Boosa, Venu,Bilakanti, Vishali,Velisoju, Vijay Kumar,Gutta, Naresh,Inkollu, Sreedhar,Akula, Venugopal
, p. 43 - 51 (2018/01/05)
The Cu dispersed on mesoporous SBA-15 has demonstrated the regioselective C–H bond C3-cyanation of indoles by in-situ generation of –CN using DMF and NH4I in presence of O2. Pyridine adsorbed diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) results revealed that surface Cu2+ species are acting as Lewis acid sites in the in-situ generation of cyano- group for the synthesis of indole nitriles. A direct correlation between Cu metal surface area and the indole nitrile yields are established and the dual role of copper is substantiated by N2O titration and XPS techniques. The 10 wt%Cu/SBA-15 demonstrated superior performance when compared to Pd, Ru supported on SBA-15. The 10 wt%Cu/SBA-15 catalyst showed consistent activity and selectivity after the 4th cycle.
Copper-mediated C3-cyanation of indoles by the combination of amine and ammonium
Liu, Bin,Wang, Jiehui,Zhang, Bo,Sun, Yang,Wang, Lei,Chen, Jianbin,Cheng, Jiang
supporting information, p. 2315 - 2317 (2014/03/21)
A copper-promoted C3-cyanation of both the free N-H and N-protected indoles by N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-ethane-1,2-diamine (TMEDA) and ammonium is achieved. The iminium ion acts as the intermediate in this transformation, which is sequentially electrophilically attacked by indole and H2O followed by hydrolyzation to form the aldehyde. Then the reaction between the aldehyde and ammonium afforded nitriles. The reaction employs O2 as a clean oxidant with good efficiency and functional group tolerance. Thus, it represents a facile and safe procedure leading to 3-cyano indoles. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014.