1315465-53-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Well-defined NHC-Pd complex-mediated intermolecular direct annulations for synthesis of functionalized indoles (NHC = N-hetero-cyclic carbene)
Jin, Zhong,Guo, Su-Xian,Qiu, Ling-Ling,Wu, Gui-Ping,Fang, Jian-Xin
experimental part, p. 502 - 507 (2012/05/04)
As alternatives to the common tertiary phosphine/Pd systems, well-defined N-heterocyclic carbene-Pd complexes have been proven to be highly efficient precatalysts for intermolecular direct annalution of o-haloanilines and ketones at lower catalyst loadings. A highly efficient and practical protocol for synthesis of functionalized indoles was developed using (IPr)Pd(acac)Cl as catalyst. Both o-bromoanilines and o-chloroanilines gave rise to efficient coupling under the reaction conditions. Related to acyclic ones, cyclic ketones coupled more effectively with o-haloanilines. With [Pd(IPr)2] as catalyst, the base-sensitive groups including OH and CO2H groups could be tolerated. Copyright
