13427-10-6Relevant articles and documents
Mild and practical method for the α-arylation of nitriles with heteroaryl halides
Klapars, Artis,Waldman, Jacob H.,Campos, Kevin R.,Jensen, Mark S.,McLaughlin, Mark,Chung, John Y. L.,Cvetovich, Raymond J.,Chen, Cheng-Yi
, p. 10186 - 10189 (2005)
A mild and transition-metal-free method for theα-arylation of a liphatic nitriles with activated heteroaryl halides was developed using NaHMDS o r KHMDS as base at ambient temperature. The key to the success of this method is generation of the nitrile anion in the presence of the heteroaryl halide. The method is applicable to both primary and secondary carbonitriles and a wide range of heteroaryl halides. Selective monoarylation was observed with primary carbonitriles. The operational simplicity and the mild reaction conditions add to the value of this methodas a practical alternative to the preparation of α-heteroaryl carbonitriles.
Environmentally friendly one-pot synthesis of α-alkylated nitriles using hydrotalcite-supported metal species as multifunctional solid catalysts
Motokura, Ken,Fujita, Noriaki,Mori, Kohsuke,Mizugaki, Tomoo,Ebitani, Kohki,Jitsukawa, Koichiro,Kaneda, Kiyotomi
, p. 8228 - 8239 (2007/10/03)
A ruthenium-grafted hydrotalcite (Ru/HT) and hydrotalcite-supported palladium nanoparticles (Pdnano/ HT) are easily prepared by treating basic layered double hydroxide, hydrotalcite (HT, Mg6Al 2(OH)16CO3) with aqueous RuCl 3·n H2O and K2[PdCl4] solutions, respectively, using surface impregnation methods. Analysis by means of X-ray diffraction, and energydispersive X-ray, electron paramagnetic resonance, and X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopies proves that a monomeric RuIV species is grafted onto the surface of the HT. Meanwhile, after reduction of a surface-isolated PdII species, highly dispersed Pd nanoclusters with a mean diameter of about 70 A is observed on the Pdnano/HT surface by transmission electron microscopy analysis. These hydrotalcite-supported metal catalysts can effectively promote α-alkylation reactions of various nitriles with primary alcohols or carbonyl compounds through tandem reactions consisting of metal-catalyzed oxidation and reduction, and an aldol reaction promoted by the base sites of the HT. In these catalytic α-alkylations, homogeneous bases are unnecessary and the only by-product is water. Additionally, these catalyst systems are applicable to one-pot syntheses of glutaronitrile derivatives.
Synthesis and antiarrhythmic activity of new [(dialkylamino)alkyl]pyridylacetamides
Bernhart,Condamine,Demarne,Roncucci,Gagnol,Gautier,Serre
, p. 451 - 455 (2007/10/02)
The synthesis of new [(dialkylamino)alkyl]pyridylacetamides is reported. These compounds displayed a potent antiarrhythmic activity, as demonstrated on a model of myocardial infarction in the conscious dog. Structure-activity relationships are discussed within a series of 22 homologues, comparing relative antiarrhythmic properties and cardiac side effects. One of these compounds, 15, has been selected as a candidate for clinical evaluation in man.
