Increasing protein content is desirable in caramel, although the heating process during cooking sometimes leads to excessive protein aggregation, or “protein grain”. Caramels formulated from 0% to 7% protein were cooked to 10% moisture, using either increased cooking rate or holding time at 88...detailed
This study demonstrates the caramel as a hydrophilic additive material towards improving the performance and antifouling properties of Polysulfone (PSF) membranes. It is found that the functional molecules that formed upon the caramelization of sugar enhance the performance of the PSF membranes ...detailed
Low-cost and nontoxic fluorescent reagents are important for on-site analysis performed by non-professionals. In this work, a cheap and widely available food additive, caramel was used as an effective fluorescence reagent for the sensitive detection of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP), 2,4-dinitrophen...detailed
A practice in wine vinegar production is the addition of grape-must caramel to correct and unify the final colour of different batches. Although current legislation allows it, the effect in vinegars’ quality has not been studied yet and it can become a fraud when it is used to simulate the effe...detailed