13453-07-1 Usage
Chemical Properties
orange-red to dark red crystals
Physical properties
Red monoclinic crystals; deliquesces; density 4.7 g/cm3; sublimes at 180°C (760 torr); highly soluble in water; soluble in alcohol and ether; slightly soluble in liquid ammonia.
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 13453-07-1 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Gold(III) chloride is used in colloidal gold solutions, in photography and as a print toning agent(gold toning), starting solution to form other gold compounds and a precursor for preparation of ultra pure gold metal. It is used in electroplating and electroless plating as an anode in an electric cell. Gold(III) chloride acts as a gold catalyst and cell body stains for bright field and dark field microscopy.
2. Photography, gold plating, special inks,
medicine, ceramics (enamels, gilding, and painting
porcelain), glass (gilding, ruby glass), manufacture
of finely divided gold and purple of Cassius.
3. It is important to note that the Cl2 used here must be
hot chlorine gas.
Preparation
Gold(III) chloride may be produced by the combination of metallic gold with chlorine gas at elevated temperatures:
2Au + 3Cl2 → 2AuCl3
It may be prepared in the laboratory by the reaction of iodine monochloride with metallic gold:
2Au + 6ICl → 2AuCl3 + 3I2
The compound should be stored tightly closed and protected from light.
Definition
A compound prepared by
dissolving gold in aqua regia. The bright
yellow crystals (chloroauric acid) produced
on evaporation are heated to form dark red
crystals of gold(III) chloride. The chloride
decomposes easily (at 175°C) to give
gold(I) chloride and chlorine; at higher
temperatures it decomposes to give gold
and chlorine. Gold(III) chloride is used in
photography. It exists as a dimer, Au2Cl6.
Reactions
When heated at 254oC, gold(III) chloride decomposes to gold(I) chloride and chlorine.
Passing hydrogen sulfide into an ether solution of the compound yields gold(III) sulfide, Au2S3.
A similar reaction occurs when alcoholic solutions of gold(III) chloride and hydrogen selenide are mixed, producing gold(III) selenide, Au2Se3, a black amorphous solid.
Gold(III) chloride may be reduced readily to metallic gold by common reducing agents. Thus, reduction with stannous chloride in dilute aqueous medium yields colloidal gold in which the atom carries a negative charge. “Cassius purple” is produced from the oxidation of tin to form H2Sn(OH)6, which protects colloidal gold from coagulation, imparting ruby red color to the solution.
Gold(III) chloride reacts with ammonia forming a gold(III)-nitrogen derivative, an explosive product, known as, “fulminate of gold”. Reaction with Grignard reagent, RMgX in ether yields dialkyl gold(III) chloride, R2AuCl3, which may be converted readily to other dialkyl gold(III) complexes by replacement of the chloride anion by a donor ligand.
General Description
The structure of gold chloride is monoclinic in nature. It sublimes at elevated temperatures.
Safety Profile
Experimental
reproductive effects. Human mutation data
reported. Reaction with ammonia or
ammonium salts yields fulminating gold, a
heat-, friction-, and impact-sensitive
explosive similar to mercury and silver
fulminates. See also GOLD COMPOUNDS
and CHLORIDES. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl-.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 13453-07-1 includes 8 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 5 digits, 1,3,4,5 and 3 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 0 and 7 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 13453-07:
(7*1)+(6*3)+(5*4)+(4*5)+(3*3)+(2*0)+(1*7)=81
81 % 10 = 1
So 13453-07-1 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/Au.3ClH/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3/rAuCl3/c2-1(3)4
13453-07-1Relevant articles and documents
Lenher, V.
, p. 354 - 355 (1902)
Waters, W. A.
, p. 1077 (1938)
Improvement of photocatalytic activity of titanium (IV) oxide by dispersion of Au on TiO2
Gao, Y.-M.,Lee, W.,Trehan, R.,Kershaw, R.,Dwight, K.,Wold, A.
, p. 1247 - 1254 (1991)
The photocatalytic oxidation of organic compounds in an aqueous solution containing a suspension of titanium(IV) oxide is a comparatively new method for removing impurities from water. TiO2 samples were prepared by two procedures, and their catalytic activities in the degradation of 1,4-dichlorobenzene were compared to samples of commercial TiO2. It was found that the dispersion of gold onto the surface of the oxide powders greatly increased their photocatalytic activity.
Synthesis, crystal structure, and thermal properties of [Ir(NH 3)5Cl][AuCl4]Cl
Plyusnin,Baidina,Shubin,Korenev
, p. 1834 - 1840 (2008/10/09)
A double complex salt [Ir(NH3)5Cl][AuCl 4]Cl is synthesized and studied by X-ray diffraction. Its crystal data follows: a = 17.369(4) ?, b = 7.7990(16) ?, c = 11.218(2) ?, V = 1430.5(5) ?3, space group C2/m, Z = 4, ρ calcd = 3.19 g/cm3, R = 0.0447. Thermolysis in air, hydrogen, and helium is studied. Copyright
Rh2Cl2(CO)4 adsorbed and tethered on gold powder: IR spectroscopic characterization and olefin hydrogenation activity
Gao,Angelici
, p. 578 - 586 (2007/10/03)
Catalysts were prepared by adsorbing Rh2Cl2(CO)4 directly on gold powder or on gold that contained the tethered ligands 2-(diphenylphosphino)ethane-1-thiol (DPET) or methyl 2-mercaptonicotinate (MMNT). Infrared (IR) studies (diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT)) of the catalyst Rh-Au prepared by adsorbing Rh2Cl2(CO)4 directly on Au indicate that a RhI(CO)2 species is present. IR studies of Rh-DPET-Au suggest that tethered cis-Rh(DPET)(CO)2Cl is the major species at relatively high Rh2Cl2(CO)4 loadings, but trans-Rh(DPET)2(CO)Cl is observable at low Rh2Cl2(CO)4 loadings. Spectral investigations of the catalyst Rh-MMNT-Au prepared by adsorbing Rh2Cl2(CO)4 on MMNT-Au suggest that tethered [cis-Rh(MMNT)2(CO)2]+Cl- and (or) Rh(MMNT)(CO)2Cl are the major species at low Rh2Cl2(CO)4 loadings, while a new unidentified species predominates at high Rh2Cl2(CO)4 loadings. All three catalysts are active 1-hexene hydrogenation catalysts under the mild conditions of 40°C and 1 atm of H2; they are much more active than Au powder or Rh2Cl2(CO)4 in solution. Of the three catalysts, Rh-Au is the most active with a maximum turnover frequency (TOF) of 800 mol H2 per mol Rh per min while its turnover (TO) is 29 600 mol H2 per mol Rh during a 2-hour run. Under the conditions of 1-hexene hydrogenation, the catalysts lose their CO ligands. Thus, it appears that a form of Rh metal on Au is the catalytically active species.