1349703-53-2

Upstream product

• 456-48-4 3-Fluorobenzaldehyde 
• 66659-65-2 (rac)-1,2-bis(3-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethan-1-one 
• 74-96-4 ethyl bromide 
• 1349703-54-3 4,5-bis(3-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazole 

Downstream Products

• 1349703-47-4 1,3-diethyl-4,5-bis(3-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazolium bromide 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Synthesis and biological studies of silver N-heterocyclic carbene complexes derived from 4,5-diarylimidazole

A novel class of silver N-heterocyclic carbene complexes (5a-f) were synthesized in high yield by reacting silver(I) oxide with 4,5-diarylimidazolium halides (4a-f). The complexes were characterized using NMR and IR spectroscopy. The structure was confirmed on the example of bromo[1,3-diethyl-4,5-bis(4- fluorophenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene]silver(I) (5c) by crystal structure analysis. The X-ray structure indicated a three-dimensional coordination polymer with a repeating unit consisting of a Ccarben-Ag2-Br 2-Ccarben cluster. Pharmacological investigations revealed that all silver complexes possessed growth inhibitory effects against breast cancer (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) as well as colon carcinoma (HT-29) cells. The most active compound 5c was slightly less active against MCF-7 cells, more active against MDA-MB-231 cells and comparable active as cisplatin against HT-29 cells. Further pharmacological investigations were performed with selected compounds on estrogen receptor (ER) binding, DNA intercalation, cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition and antibacterial activity. The complexes were only marginally active at the DNA, ER and the COX enzymes, so these targets can be excluded to be involved in the mode of action. However, the growth of bacteria was significantly inhibited by 5c and 5f and opens a new application of this complex type.

NHC gold halide complexes derived from 4,5-diarylimidazoles: Synthesis, structural analysis, and pharmacological investigations as potential antitumor agents

A series of novel neutral NHC gold halide complexes derived from 4,5-diarylimidazoles were synthesized, characterized, and analyzed for biological effects. High growth inhibitory effects in MCF-7 and MDA-MB 231 breast cancer as well as HT-29 colon cancer cell lines depended on the presence of the C4,C5-standing aromatic rings. Methoxy groups at these rings did not change the growth inhibitory properties, while F-substituents in the ortho-position (5d) increased the activity in MCF-7 and MDA-MB 231 cells. The substituents at the nitrogen atoms and the oxidation state of the metal play a subordinate role. The most active bromo[1,3-diethyl-4,5-bis(2-fluorophenyl)-1,3- dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-ylidene]gold(I) (5d) was distinctly more active than cisplatin. All complexes caused thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibition (EC 50 = 374-1505 nM) distinctly lower than auranofin (EC50 = 18.6 nM) excluding this enzyme as main target. Because of the low nuclear content, a participation of DNA interaction on the mode of action is very unlikely. The missing ER binding and the missing correlation of growth inhibition and inactivation of COX enzymes exclude these targets, too. (Figure presented)