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Usage

Uses

Used in Supramolecular Chemistry:
3,3',5,5'-tetra(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1,1'-biphenyl is used as a building block for the assembly of supramolecular structures due to its ability to engage in non-covalent interactions, such as hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, which are crucial for the formation of complex molecular architectures.
Used in Materials Science:
In the field of materials science, 3,3',5,5'-tetra(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1,1'-biphenyl is utilized as a component in the development of new materials with tailored properties. Its incorporation into polymers, for instance, can lead to materials with improved thermal stability, mechanical strength, or specific optical characteristics.
Used in Nanomaterial Construction:
3,3',5,5'-tetra(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1,1'-biphenyl is employed as a key component in the synthesis of functional nanomaterials. Its unique structure allows for the creation of nanoscale devices and systems with applications in areas such as drug delivery, sensing, and catalysis.
Used in Metal Coordination Chemistry:
As a ligand in metal coordination chemistry, 3,3',5,5'-tetra(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1,1'-biphenyl is used to form coordination complexes with various metal ions. These complexes can exhibit unique catalytic, optical, or magnetic properties, making them valuable in a range of applications, from catalysis to molecular electronics.
Used in Organic Semiconductors and Electronic Materials:
3,3',5,5'-tetra(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1,1'-biphenyl is utilized as a component in the development of organic semiconductors and electronic materials. Its electronic properties, such as charge transport and energy level alignment, make it a promising candidate for applications in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), and photovoltaic devices.

Upstream product

• 288-32-4 1H-imidazole 
• 16400-50-3 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromo-1,1'-biphenyl 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Unusual Behavior of Donor-Acceptor Stenhouse Adducts in Confined Space of a Water-Soluble PdII8 Molecular Vessel

Donor-acceptor Stenhouse adducts (DASA) are new-generation photochromic compounds discovered recently. DASA exist normally in open form (blue/violet) and readily convert to cyclic (light yellow/colorless) zwitterionic form reversibly in the presence of green light in toluene/dioxane. In aqueous medium, the open form is not stable and converts to the cyclic zwitterionic form irreversibly. We report here a new self-assembled Pd8 molecular vessel (MV) that can stabilize and store the open form of DASA even in aqueous medium. Reaction of the 90° acceptor cis-(tmeda)Pd(NO3)2 (M) [tmeda = N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethane-1,2-diamine] with a symmetric tetraimidazole donor (L, 3,3′,5,5′-tetra(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1,1′-biphenyl) in a 2:1 molar ratio yielded a water-soluble [8+4] self-assembled M8L4 molecular barrel (MV). This barrel (MV) is found to be a potential molecular vessel to store and stabilize the open forms of DASA in aqueous medium over the more stable zwitterionic cyclic form, while in the absence of the barrel the same DASA exist in cyclic zwitterionic form in aqueous medium. The hydrophobic interaction between the cavity and the open form of DASA molecules benefits reaching an out-of-equilibrium or reverse equilibrium state in aqueous medium. The presence of excess MV could even drive the conversion of the stable cyclic form to the open form in aqueous medium. The host-guest complex is stable upon irradiating with green light. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first successful attempt to stabilize the open form of DASA molecules in aqueous medium and the first report on the fate of DASA in a confined space discrete molecular architecture. Furthermore, the molecular vessel has been utilized for catalytic Michael addition reactions of a series of nitrostyrene derivatives with 1,3-indandione in aqueous medium.

Zinc(II) and cadmium(II) complexes with rigid 3,3′,5,5′- tetra(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1,1′-biphenyl and varied carboxylate ligands

Six new coordination polymers [Zn(L)0.5(CO3)] ?H2O (1), [Zn(L)0.5(DC)]?H2O (2), [Cd(L)0.5(DC)] (3), [Cd(L)0.5(PBEA)]?H2O (4), [Cd2(L)(MBEA)2]?4H2O (5), and [Zn(L)0.5(MBEA)]?2H2O (6) with different structures and topologies were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal reactions of zinc(II)/cadmium(II) salts with rigid ligand 3,3′,5,5′-tetra(1H- imidazol-1-yl)-1,1′-biphenyl (L) and auxiliary multicarboxylic acids of 1,3,5-tri(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene (H3BTB), 1,4-benzenediacrylic acid (H2DC), 1,4-benzenediacetic acid (H2PBEA), and 1,3-benzenediacetic acid (H2MBEA), respectively. Carbonate anion, rather than the carboxylate anion of H3BTB, is incorporated in 1. Complexes 1 and 5 are (4,4)- and (4,6)-connected binodal two-dimensional (2D) networks with a point (Schlaefli) symbol of (4.64.8) 2(42.64) and (32.4 2.52)(34.44.54.6 3), respectively. Complex 2 is a self-penetrating three-dimensional (3D) framework with a point (Schlaefli) symbol of (62.8 4)(64.82)2, while 3 shows a (3,4,5)-connected trinodal 3D framework with a point (Schlaefli) symbol of (4.63.86)2(42.84)(6 3)2. The 3-fold interpenetrating net of 4 is a subnet of sta with a point (Schlaefli) symbol of (4.64.8) 2(42.62.82), while the net of 6 is vested in nbo set net with a point (Schlaefli) symbol of (6 4)(82). The results show that the auxiliary ligands and metal centers play important roles in the formation of complexes with diverse structures. Furthermore, the thermal stability, photoluminescence, and sorption properties of the complexes were investigated.