137445-01-3Relevant articles and documents
Simple, efficient catalyst system for the palladium-catalyzed amination of aryl chlorides, bromides, and triflates
Wolfe, John P.,Tomori, Hiroshi,Sadighi, Joseph P.,Yin, Jingjun,Buchwald, Stephen L.
, p. 1158 - 1174 (2007/10/03)
Palladium complexes supported by (o-biphenyl)P(t-Bu)2 (3) or (o- biphenyl)PCy2 (4) are efficient catalysts for the catalytic amination of a wide variety of aryl halides and triflates. Use of ligand 3 allows for the room-temperature catalytic amination of many aryl chloride, bromide, and triflate substrates, while ligand 4 is effective for the amination of functionalized substrates or reactions of acyclic secondary amines. The catalysts perform well for a large number of different substrate combinations at 80-110 °C, including chloropyridines and functionalized aryl halides and triflates using 0.5-1.0 mol % Pd; some reactions proceed efficiently at low catalyst levels (0.05 mol % Pd). These ligands are effective for almost all substrate combinations that have been previously reported with various other ligands, and they represent the most generally effective catalyst system reported to date. Ligands 3 and 4 are air-stable, crystalline solids that are commercially available. Their effectiveness is believed to be due to a combination of steric and electronic properties that promote oxidative addition, Pd-N bond formation, and reductive elimination.
Aryllead Triacetates: Regioselective Reagents for N-Arylation of Amines
Barton, Derek H. R.,Donnelly, Dervilla, M. X.,Finet, Jean-Pierre,Guiry, Patrick J.
, p. 2095 - 2102 (2007/10/02)
Aryllead triacetates have been found to be regioselective reagents for the mono N-arylation of a range of aromatic, heterocyclic and aliphatic amines under mild and neutral conditions in a reaction catalysed by copper diacetate.The arylation of arylamines was unaffected by the steric hindrance of the arylamine but was dependent on the arylamine basicity.In addition, the position of oxidisable substituents on both the aryllead triacetate and the arylamine was found to be important due to a competing oxidation-reduction reaction.The arylation of heterocyclic amines proceeded in modest to good yields whilst aliphatic amines were arylated in poor to modest yields.The mechanism proposed for these reactions involves transfer of the aryl group onto copper forming a copper(III) intermediate which subsequently undergoes ligand coupling to give the N-arylated amine and the catalytic CuI species.
