13979-17-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Chiral 1,2,3-Triazolium Salt Catalyzed Asymmetric Mono- and Dialkylation of 2,5-Diketopiperazines with the Construction of Tetrasubstituted Carbon Centers
Yang, Ju-Song,Lu, Ka,Li, Chen-Xiao,Zhao, Zu-Hang,Zhang, Xiao-Ming,Zhang, Fu-Min,Tu, Yong-Qiang
supporting information, (2022/01/22)
Novel asymmetric mono- and dialkylation reactions of α-substituted 2,5-diketopiperazines catalyzed by new chiral spirocyclic-amide-derived triazolium organocatalysts have been developed, resulting in a range of enantioenriched 2,5-diketopiperazine derivatives containing one or two tetrasubstituted carbon stereocenters. The reactions feature high yields (up to 98%), and excellent cis-diastereo- and enantioselectivities (up to >20:1 dr, >99 % ee), and they provide a new asymmetric synthetic approach to important functionalized 2,5-diketopiperazine skeletons. Furthermore, a possible reaction mechanism was proposed based on both control experiments and extensive DFT calculations.
Enynones in organic synthesis. 6. Synthesis of spirocyclic methylenecyclopentenones and analogs of the methylenomycin class of antibiotics. Mechanism of phenol catalysis
Jacobi,Armacost,Brielmann,Cann,Kravitz,Martinelli
, p. 5292 - 5304 (2007/10/02)
Spirocyclic methylenecyclopentenones of general structure 18 were prepared in a single step from bis-acetylenic alcohols 29 by a process involving initial oxy-Cope rearrangement to afford (Z)-enynones 36-Z followed by electrocyclic ring closure. Mechanistic studies indicate that the initial step leading from 30-Z to 18 is a thermal 1,5-prototropic shift to afford dienols which can cyclize by a symmetry-allowed (π4s ± σ2s ± π2a) process. This last step is catalyzed by certain phenols having low oxidation potentials, most likely by a mechanism involving single electron transfer. Dramatic rate enhancements were also observed for the cyclization of simple enynones 37 to methylenecyclopentenones 39 upon catalysis with either α-tocopherol (vitamin E, 40) or tert-butylcatechol (41). Further enhancements in both rate and yield were obtained under conditions of photoassisted single electron transfer (PET), which afforded 39 in yields of 80-98%.
